References
- Lund A. The effect of various substances on the excretion and the toxicity of thallium in the rat. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol 1956; 12: 260–268
- Zajtchuk R., Corby D. G., Miller J. G., O'Barr T. P. Treatment of digoxin toxicity with activated charcoal. Am J Cardiol 1975; 35: 178
- Crome P., Dawling S., Braithwaite R. A., Masters J., Walkey R. Effect of activated charcoal on absorption of nortriptyline. Lancet 1977; 2: 1203–1205
- Pond S., Jacobs M., Marks J., Garner J., Goldschlager N., Hansen D. Treatment of digitoxin overdose with oral activated charcoal. Lancet 1981; 2: 1177–1178
- Neuvonen P. J., Elonen E. Effect of activated charcoal on absorption and elimination of phenobarbitone, carbamazepine and phenylbutazone in man. Eur J Oin Pharmacol 1980; 17: 51–57
- Berg M. J., Berlinger W. G., Goldberg M. J., Spector R., Johnson G. F. Acceleration of the body clearance of phenobarbital by oral activated charcoal. N Engl J Med 1982; 307: 642–644
- Caldwell J. H., Caldwell P. B., Murphy J. W., Beachler C. W. Intestinal secretion of digoxin in the rat. Augmentation by feeding activated charcoal. Arch Pharmacol 1980; 312: 271–275
- Levy G. Gastrointestinal clearance of drugs with activated charcoal. N Engl J Med 1982; 307: 676–678
- Tenenbein M. Multiple doses of activated charcoal: time for reappraisal?. Ann Emerg Med 1991; 20: 529–531
- Neuvonen P. J., Olkkola K. T. Oral activated charcoal in the treatment of intoxications. Role of single and repeated doses. Med Toxicol Adverse Drug Exp 1988; 3: 33–58
- McKinnon R. S., Desmond P. V., Harman P. J., et al. Studies on the mechanisms of action of activated charcoal on theophylline pharmacokinetics. J Pharm Pharmacol 1987; 39: 522–525
- Huang J. Kinetics of theophylline clearance in gastrointestinal dialysis with charcoal. J Pharm Sci 1987; 76: 525–527
- de Vries M. H., Rademaker C. M. A., Geerlings C., Van Dijk A., Noordhoek J. Pharmacokinetic modelling of the effect of activated charcoal in the intestinal secretion of theophylline using the isolated vascularly perfused rat small intestine. J Pharm Pharmacol 1989; 41: 528–533
- Adler U., Waters D. H., Gwilt P. R. The effect of activated charcoal on mouse sleep times induced by intravenously administered hypnotics. Biopharm Drug Disposition 1986; 7: 421–429
- Park G. D., Radomski L., Goldberg M. J., Spector R., Johnson G. F., Quee C. K. Effects of size and frequency of oral doses of charcoal on theophylline clearance. Oin Pharmacol Ther 1983; 34: 663–666
- Park G. D., Spector R., Goldberg M. J., Johnson G. F., Feldman R., Quee C. K. Effect of the surface area of activated charcoal on theophylline clearance. J Clin Pharmacol 1984; 24: 289–292
- Ilkhanipour K., Yealy D. M., Krenzelok E. P. Activated charcoal surface area and its role in multiple‐dose charcoal therapy. AmJ Emerg Med 1993; 11: 583–585
- Chyka P. A., Holley J. E., Mandrell T. D., Sugathan P. Correlation of drug pharmacokinetics and effectiveness of multiple‐dose activated charcoal therapy. Ann Emerg Med 1995; 25: 356–362
- Huang J. Stereoselective gastrointestinal clearance of disopyramide in rabbits treated with activated charcoal. J Pharm Sci 1988; 77: 959–962
- Campbell J. W., Chyka P. A. Physicochemical characteristics of drugs and response to repeat‐dose activated charcoal. Am J Emerg Med 1992; 10: 208–210
- Mowry J. B., Furbee R. B., Chyka P. A. Poisoning. Die Pharmacologic Approach to the Critically 111 Patient3rd Ed., B. Chernow. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore 1994; 978–980
- Smolinske S. C., Kulig K. Activated charcoal/treatment protocol. Poisindex Information System, B. H. Rumack. Micromedex, Inc., Denver, Colorado, Edition expires 5/31/95
- MacKichan J. J. Influence of protein binding and use of unbound (free) drug concentrations. Applied Pharmacokinetics3rd Ed., W. E. Evans, J. J. Schentag, W. J. Jusko. Applied Therapeutics, Vancouver, Washington 1992; 2: 1–48
- Ludden T. M. Nonlinear pharmacokinetics: clinical implications. Clin Pharmacokinet 1991; 20: 429–446
- Rosenberg J., Benowitz N. L., Pond S. Pharmacokinetics of drug overdose. Clin Pharmacokinet 1981; 6: 161–192
- Hasan M. M., el‐Sayed Y. M., Abdelaziz A. A. The effect of oral activated charcoal on the systemic clearance of gentamicin in rabbits with acute renal failure. J Pharm Pharmacol 1990; 42: 85–88
- Arimori K., Wakayama K., Nakano M. Increased transport of theophylline into gastrointestinal lumen and gastrointestinal dialysis by activated charcoal in rats with hepatic cirrhosis. Chem Pharm Bull Toyko 1989; 37: 3148–3149
- Farrar H. C., Herold D. A., Reed M. D. Acute valproic acid intoxication: enhanced drug clearance with oral‐activated charcoal. Crit Care Med 1993; 21: 299–301