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Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly
The Canadian Journal of Metallurgy and Materials Science
Volume 62, 2023 - Issue 3
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Extractive Pyrometallurgy - Nonferrous

Slag heterogeneity of autogenous copper concentrates smelting

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Pages 594-601 | Received 25 May 2022, Accepted 25 Aug 2022, Published online: 07 Sep 2022
 

ABSTRACT

Due to the deterioration of the raw material base of copper production, it becomes necessary to optimise the autogenous smelting of copper sulfide concentrates, intensify the thermal regime and reduce the loss of copper with slags. There were carried out physico-chemical studies of the properties of slag produced during smelting of copper sulfide concentrates from the Balkhash copper smelter (BCS) in Vanyukov furnaces (VF), using X-ray fluorescence, mineralogical, X-ray diffraction, X-ray microanalysis, thermal analysis. Slag samples were taken at various distances from the furnace bottom (800–2400 mm) when the furnace was stopped. An intermediate layer of variable composition and considerable thickness (250–400 mm), was detected especially at lower smelting temperature, it is located at the bottom of the slag melt, directly on the border with the matte in the VF furnace. The novelty in the obtained data consists in finding the dependence of the formation of the intermediate layer between the slag and matte on the temperature and the content of magnetite in the slag. In addition, it was found that the necessary condition for more complete separation of slag and matte and prevention of intermediate layer formation, is the melting of slag phases, regardless of its composition.

En raison de la détérioration de la base de matières premières pour la production de cuivre, il devient nécessaire d’optimiser la fusion autogène des concentrés de sulfure de cuivre, d’intensifier le régime thermique et de réduire la perte de cuivre dans les scories. On a effectué des études physicochimiques des propriétés des scories produites lors de la fusion des concentrés de sulfure de cuivre de la fonderie de cuivre Balkhash (BCS) dans les fours Vanyukov (VF), en utilisant la fluorescence des rayons X, la minéralogie, la diffraction des rayons X, la microanalyse à rayons X et l’analyse thermique. Des échantillons de scories ont été prélevés à différentes distances du fond du four (800-2400 mm) à l’arrêt du four. On a détecté une couche intermédiaire de composition variable et d’épaisseur considérable (250-400 mm,) surtout à basse température de fusion, située au fond du bain de scories, directement en bordure avec la matte dans le four VF. La nouveauté dans les données obtenues consiste à trouver la dépendance de la formation de la couche intermédiaire entre les scories et la matte sur la température et la teneur en magnétite dans les scories. En outre, on a constaté que la condition nécessaire pour une séparation plus complète des scories et de la matte et la prévention de la formation de la couche intermédiaire, est la fusion des phases de scories, quelle que soit leur composition.

Data availability

The data of this work could be obtained by contacting with the corresponding author by e-mail.

Acknowledgements

Ye.A. Ospanov: provided connection with Balkhash copper smelter, collected the data and wrote the original draft; S.A. Kvyatkovskiy: provided the support for the project and revised the draft; S.M. Kozhakhmetov: writing – review & editing; L.V. Sokolovskaya: analyzed the results and revised the original draft; A.S. Semenova: performed the experiments and calculations; M. Dyussebekova, A.A. Shakhalov: data curation.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This research was funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan [grant number АР08855511].

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