Temperature-dependent dynamic hysteresis scaling of ferroelectric hysteresis parameters of lead free [(Ba_0.825+_xCa_0.175−_x)(Ti₁₋_xSn_x)O₃]ceramics

Shatrughan SinghMechanical Engineering Department, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India; ;Mechanical Engineering Department, IILM College of Engineering & Technology, Greater Noida, India; Correspondence[email protected]

Bhim SinghMechanical Engineering Department, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India;

Sanjeev KumarDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, J C Bose University of Science and Technology, YMCA, Faridabad, India;

Ashok Kumar YadavDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Raj Kumar Goel Institute of Technology, Ghaziabad, India

Abstract

Present article presents ferroelectric hysteresis behavior of [(Ba_0.825+_x Ca_0.175−_x)(Ti₁₋_xSn_x)O₃] ceramics for x = 0.0625, 0.0875 and 0.100 samples. Temperature-dependent ferroelectric hysteresis scaling affiliation for remnant polarization (P_r) and coercive field (E_c) have been recommended. In view of scaling, the power law temperature proponent was efficiently settled for the hysteresis parameters. The dynamic hysteresis scaling of P_r and E_c at sintering temperature of 1450 °C for 2 h harvest P_r α T^−0.92and E_c α T⁻⁰³⁸. By Arrhenius law, the back switching polarization (P_bc) and domain dynamics also evaluated in the form of temperature (T).

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Temperature-dependent dynamic hysteresis scaling of ferroelectric hysteresis parameters of lead free [(Ba_0.825+_xCa_0.175−_x)(Ti₁₋_xSn_x)O₃]ceramics

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Temperature-dependent dynamic hysteresis scaling of ferroelectric hysteresis parameters of lead free [(Ba0.825+xCa0.175−x)(Ti1−xSnx)O3]ceramics

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Temperature-dependent dynamic hysteresis scaling of ferroelectric hysteresis parameters of lead free [(Ba_0.825+_xCa_0.175−_x)(Ti₁₋_xSn_x)O₃]ceramics