Polar and singular value decomposition of 3×3 magic squares

Götz TrenklerFaculty of Statistics, Dortmund University of Technology, Vogelpothsweg 87, D–44221 Dortmund, Germany

Karsten SchmidtFaculty of Business and Economics, Schmalkalden University of Applied Sciences, Blechhammer, D–98574 Schmalkalden, GermanyCorrespondence[email protected]

Dietrich TrenklerDepartment of Economics, University of Osnabrück, Rolandstraße 8, D–49069 Osnabrück, Germany

Abstract

In this note, we find polar as well as singular value decompositions of a 3×3 magic square, i.e. a 3×3 matrix M with real elements where each row, column and diagonal adds up to the magic sum s of the magic square.

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Polar and singular value decomposition of 3×3 magic squares

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Polar and singular value decomposition of 3×3 magic squares

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