Chinese pre-service teachers’ cognitions about cultivating critical thinking in teaching English as a foreign language

ABSTRACT

As an important variable in critical thinking instruction, teacher cognition has been emphasized in recent years, but there is relatively insufficient understanding of how Chinese pre-service teachers perceive the cultivation of critical thinking in teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL). From the perspective of Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory, especially the concept of mediation, this paper aims to investigate the cognition of Chinese pre-service teachers about the cultivation of critical thinking in TEFL and the mediating resources concerned. Twenty-four Chinese pre-service teachers were selected from five normal universities. A qualitative approach with semi-structured interview and classroom observation was adopted to seek insights on Chinese pre-service teachers’ cognitions about integrating critical thinking into TEFL, and sociocultural theory was used to argue for factors affecting their cognitions. Results revealed that Chinese pre-service teachers understand the connotation of critical thinking to some extent although there are misconceptions, and they are willing to integrate critical thinking into TEFL even though there are many difficulties. Moreover, they perceived that multiple sociocultural factors might be linked with their cognitions, such as previous learning experience, Chinese cultural values, evaluation system, etc. Implications for foreign language teacher education are discussed.

KEYWORDS:

• Chinese pre-service teacher
• teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL)
• teacher cognition
• teacher education

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

We declare that this research has been supported financially by Humanities and Social Sciences Fund of the Ministry of Education of China [Grant No. 19YJA740038].

Notes on contributors

Lihong Ma

Lihong Ma is a  PhD, vice professor from schools of foreign languages at University of Science & Technology Beijing, China. Her research efforts  focus on critical thinking, English literacy assessment and second language acquisition.

Haifeng Luo

Haifeng Luo is a PhD candidate at Beijing Normal University, China. Her research efforts focus on the discipline literacy and computational thinking.