Abstract
Acquired apraxia of speech (AOS) is traditionally viewed as a disorder of speech programming that results from loss or failure to access segmental movement plans, and/or the subsequent assembly of segments to form cohesive syllables. However, more recent psycholinguistic research has proposed that speech control systems are capable of establishing movement plans for frequently used syllables and words. Dual-route theories suggest that movement gestalts are stored for high-frequency words, whereas low-frequency tokens are assembled afresh from sub-lexical components each time they are used. We review the implications of a dual-route model of speech control for output models of lexical processing and for the conceptualisation and management of AOS.