Isolated Obesity Is Not Enough to Impair Cardiac Autonomic Modulation in Metabolically Healthy Men

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To evaluate whether excess body mass influences the heart rate variability (HRV) indexes at rest, and to correlate adiposity indicators and the aerobic fitness with cardiac autonomic variables in metabolically healthy young adults. Method: In all, 41 untrained males (M_age = 21.80, SD = 2.14 years), 14 normal weight (M_BMI = 22.28, SD = 1.86 kg∙m⁻²), 11 overweight (M_BMI = 26.95, SD = 1.43 kg∙m⁻²), and 16 obese (M_BMI = 33.58, SD = 3.06 kg∙m⁻²) metabolically healthy (normal values of blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol), underwent evaluations of the HRV at rest and of the peak oxygen consumption (VO₂ peak) during maximal exercise on a cycle ergometer. Results: Blood pressure, heart rate, HRV indexes, casual blood glucose, oxidative stress, and antioxidant activity did not differ among the groups. The VO₂ peak (mL∙kg⁻¹∙min⁻¹) was lower in the obese group compared with the normal weight and overweight groups. The body mass (r = −.40 to −.45) and abdominal circumference (r = −.39 to −.52) were slightly to moderately correlated with SD1, SD2, RMSSD, SDNN, pNN50, LF, and HF indexes and total power. The VO₂ peak (mL∙kg⁻¹∙min⁻¹) was slightly to moderately correlated (r = .48 to .51) with SD2, SDNN, and LF indexes in the individuals with excess body mass. Conclusion: Cardiac autonomic modulation at rest was preserved in metabolically healthy obese young men. However, the indicators of adiposity, as well as the aerobic fitness were correlated with cardiac autonomic modulation in the individuals with excess body mass.

KEYWORDS:

• Body fat
• autonomic nervous system
• heart rate variability
• aerobic fitness

Additional information

Funding

This research was supported by the Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Mato Grosso (FAPEMAT — process 151411/2014), the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq — process 443361/2014-2), and by the Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Mato Grosso (FAPEMAT/CAPES) for granting the scholarships in MSc.