http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7032-6960
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Abstract
Lab-scale soot nanoparticle generators are used by the aerosol research community to study the properties of soot over a broad range of particle size distributions, and number and mass concentrations. In this study, a novel miniature inverted-flame burner is presented and its emitted soot particles were characterized. The burner consisted of two co-annular tubes for fuel and co-flow air and the flame was enclosed by the latter. The fuel used was ethylene. A scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) and an aerodynamic aerosol classifier (AAC) were used to measure mobility and aerodynamic size distribution of soot particles, respectively. Particle morphology was studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) content of the soot were measured using thermal-optical analysis (TOA). The burner produced soot particles with mobility diameter range of 66–270 nm, aerodynamic diameter range of 56–140 nm, and total concentration range of 2 × 105–1 × 107 cm−3. TEM images showed that most soot particles were sub-micron soot aggregates. Some soot superaggregates, typically larger than 2 µm in length, were observed and their abundance increased with ethylene flow rate. TOA showed that the concentration of EC in the generated soot increased with ethylene flow rate, and the soot was observed to have high EC fraction at high ethylene flow rates. The miniature inverted-flame burner was demonstrated to produce soot nanoparticles over a range of concentrations and sizes with high EC content, making it a practical device to study soot nanoparticle properties in different applications.
Copyright © 2019 American Association for Aerosol Research
Acknowledgments
The authors also thank Brett Smith of National Research Council of Canada and Dr. Xuejun Sun of Cell Imaging Facility at the University of Alberta for their help in conducting thermal-optical analysis and in preparing TEM images, respectively.
