Stem borer infestation of cereal crops in Jere, the Sudan-Sahelian savanna region of Nigeria

Abstract

Field data collected during the rainy season of two years, 2010 and 2011, were used to determine the per cent plant infestation and stem borer abundance on cultivated cereal crops grown by farmers' in Jere or the Sudan-Sahelian savanna ecological region of Nigeria. Stem borers were recovered using destructive sampling. Mean total per cent plant infestation and stem borer abundance per farmers' field were significantly higher on millet (40% and 25 individuals, respectively) and sorghum (30% and 21 individuals, respectively) than on maize (19% and 13 individuals, respectively). Of the five stem borer species found in this study, Coniesta ignefusalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (3.5)/Chilo sp. nr. aleniellus (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) (2), Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (3.1)/Sesamia calamistis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (2.4) and S. calamistis (2.9), with significantly higher number of individuals per plant, tended to be more important pests on millet, sorghum and maize crops, respectively. Although, mean total per cent plant infestation and abundance of stem borers in this study were generally moderate, further studies on the effects of different types of cereals intercropping (locally practiced) on stem borer infestation and abundance should ascertain the true importance of these pest species in the Sudan-Sahelian savanna ecological region of Nigeria.

Keywords:

• stem borer
• plant infestation
• abundance
• cereal crops
• rainy season
• ecological region