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ABSTRACT
Fluorescence spectroscopy is frequently used to analyze the concentration of fluorescent materials in solution. However, in conventional fluorescence spectroscopy, the response between the fluorescence intensity and fluorophore concentration is nonlinear at high concentrations due to uncompensated inner-filter effects (IFE). Many methods to resolve this problem have been developed in recent decades. This review introduces the methods used to correct the IFE, including direct correction and parameter correction. Relevant detection parameters, including the materials, matrices, detection limits, detection instruments and relative standard deviations, are tabulated. The advantages and limitations of these correction techniques are also discussed. Finally, the methods used to correct for the IFE are summarized, and future research directions are discussed.
Acknowledgments
The authors thank American Journal Experts and Shahbaz Gul Hassan for providing English language editing of this paper.
Funding
We are grateful for financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 61571444), International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China (2015DFA00530), and top-notch talent plan program of higher education in Hebei (BJ2017036).