Fabrication, characterization and biological properties evaluation of bioactive scaffold based on mineralized carbon nanofibers

Abstract

Tissue engineering as an innovative approach aims to combine engineering, biomaterials and biomedicine to eliminate the drawbacks of conventional bone defect treatment. In the current study, we fabricated bioengineered electroactive and bioactive mineralized carbon nanofibers as the scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications. The scaffold was fabricated using the sol–gel method and thoroughly characterized by SEM imaging, EDX analysis and a 4-point probe. The results showed that the CNFs have a diameter of 200 ± 19 nm and electrical conductivity of 1.02 ± 0.12 S cm⁻¹. The in vitro studies revealed that the synthesized CNFs were osteoactive and supported the mineral crystal deposition. The hemolysis study confirmed the hemocompatibility of the CNFs and cell viability/proliferation sassy using an MTT assay kit showed the proliferative activities of mineralized CNFs. In conclusion, this study revealed that the mineralized CNFs synthesized by the combination of sol–gel and electrospinning techniques were electroactive, osteoactive and biocompatible, which can be considered an effective bone tissue engineering scaffold.

Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

Keywords:

• Bone regeneration
• tissue engineering
• carbon nanofibers
• electroconductive
• bioactive

Disclosure statement

The authors declare they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Funding

The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the research council of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences (Grant No. 140107195951).