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ABSTRACT
Misunderstanding and disputes about authorship are commonplace among members of multi/interdisciplinary health research teams. If left unmanaged and unresolved, these conflicts can undermine knowledge sharing and collaboration, obscure accountability for research, and contribute to the incorrect attribution of credit. To mitigate these issues, certain researchers suggest quantitative authorship distributions schemes (e.g., point systems), while others wish to replace or minimize the importance of authorship by using “contributorship”—a system based on authors’ self-reporting contributions. While both methods have advantages, we argue that authorship and contributorship will most likely continue to coexist for multiple ethical and practical reasons. In this article, we develop a five-step “best practice” that incorporates the distribution of both contributorship and authorship for multi/interdisciplinary research. This procedure involves continuous dialogue and the use of a detailed contributorship taxonomy ending with a declaration explaining contributorship, which is used to justify authorship order. Institutions can introduce this approach in responsible conduct of research training as it promotes greater fairness, trust, and collegiality among team members and ultimately reduces confusion and facilitates resolution of time-consuming disagreements.
Acknowledgments
We would like to thank Dr. Vincent Larivière, Dr. Bryn Williams-Jones, and the two anonymous reviewers for their insight on authorship and for helpful feedback on this article.
Funding
A research grant from the Committee on Publication Ethics (Master) partly funded this project. In addition, Smith was supported by scholarships from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (Joseph-Armand Bombardier Ph.D. Scholarship) and the University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.
Supplemental Material
Supplemental data for this article can be accessed on the publisher’s website.
