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Abstract
This contribution examines the management of urban development in two Asian metropolitan regions against the background of globalization. Although there are substantial differences in context, recent developments in both Pune Metropolitan Region in India and Metro Cebu in the Philippines can largely be explained by their integration into the financial and commodity circuits of the global economy. Globalization, however, comprises more than economic inclusion. At the level of policy ideas, we see the introduction of principles of governance emphasizing greater participation of civil society groups in urban management. Operating within existing patron–client frameworks, however, the involvement of non-governmental organizations and community-based/peoples’ organizations has unintended, exclusionary effects. We trace these here in the areas of participatory planning and access to basic needs, especially housing.
Notes
The PMC estimated that “there are 503 slums in the city, out of which 322 have been declared official” (The Times of India, 16 April 2002). According to the Government of Maharashtra Citation(2002), the squatter population of these declared areas was 530,000. It follows that the total squatter population was about 830,000, or about a third of the total population of Pune City.
See http://www.shelter-associates.org for details.
Marcel van Kampen is initiator and coordinator of JP. All information on this organization's work and on interaction with other stakeholders is based on his personal observation and communications with the social workers and governors of JP.
In 1999 Ton van Naerssen learned about this case and visited the area. During later visits he went through the files of the library of the newspaper Sun Star Daily in 1999/2000, and had the opportunity to interview one of the people directly involved in the 2000 demolition. The 1999 Carreta demolition belongs to the collective memory of Cebu City's civil society.
Ton van Naerssen had the opportunity to visit the affected fisher-folk communities in 1999, 2004 and 2006. In 1999 he talked with one of the barangay captains concerned and in 2000 had the opportunity to interview the SRP Project Manager. The files of the library of the Sun Star Daily proved useful in 1999, 2000 and 2004 as well.