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Abstract
This article aims to highlight and, whenever possible, demonstrate that the urban general plan is still the instrument of the utmost importance to trigger and steer urban transformations. Within the current Italian context, the article examines the characteristics, contradictions, weaknesses and opportunities of urban planning set of rules and practices and tries to propose concrete answers to questions and issues strictly connected that affect the municipality's urban planning: how to manage and govern a contemporary metropolis or city agglomeration, the concerns associated with overlapping jurisdictions and different rules for various hierarchical administrative levels, the costs of social and common services, the need to include in the urban plan the possible use of European Union Structural Funds, the real estate market affecting new development and urban regeneration programmes and investments. All these aspects should be included in a unifying and strong planning instrument, the urban plan, which could address and steer effectively the urban planning policies and their governance.
Notes
Constitution article 114 decrees that “The Republic is composed of the Municipalities, the Provinces, the Metropolitan Cities, the Regions and the State. Municipalities, Provinces, Metropolitan Cities and Regions are autonomous entities having their own statutes, powers and functions in accordance with the principles laid down in the Constitution”. The now repealed Law 8 June 1990, n. 142 provided for first institution of Metropolitan Cities. It is now in force Legislative Decree 18 August 2000, n. 267 that provides for all norms concerning the administrative activity of Italian municipalities.
United Nations – Department of Economic and Social Affairs, World Urbanization Prospects, The 2009 Revision.
In today's debate many issues concern public–private consultation, for instance, about building areas: the recent case of the 2003 Rome General Urban Plan shows how difficult it is to achieve an agreement also for a generic territory protection and conservation policy. For the other side of the coin, see Samperi (Citation2008).
Reviewed with Legislative Decrees 26 March 2008, n. 62 and n.63.
Mantini Bill art. 2 (state tasks and functions).
L.D. 42/2004 art. 145, par. 3.
Scientific literature on districts is by now vast. A good starting point could be Cresta (Citation2008); by way of example and about cultural district connected to creative city see the works of Cooke and Lazzaretti (Citation2008) and Pilati and Tremblay (Citation2007), in addition to the well-known works on creative city of R. Florida and C. Landry.
For instance, powers subsidiarity and federalism are in Italy current issues, due to the will of the former centre-right coalition government to reform state form in a more federal sense. During the peer review time of this article government changed in Italy.
Brazil, Russia, India and China. Name comes from a famous investment bank report.
To have a satisfactory look on main mechanisms and instruments of real estate finance, even for an urban planner, see Bruggeman and Fisher (Citation2004).
Italy territory is divided into 20 Regions, 110 Provinces and 8101 Municipalities (Comuni).
The term Region and its adjective regional here refer to Italian administrative and territorial government.
