訂單式生產系統下承接緊急訂單之評估模式-以總獲利爲績效評估準則

摘要

本文針對訂單式生產系統，發展一承接緊急訂單之評估模式。此模式利用承接緊急訂單獲得之報酬及緊急訂單對訂單式生產系統所產生的成本影響（包含在製品存貨成本、完成品存貨成本及延遲交貨懲罰成本），進行報酬與影響成本的比較，以提供決策階層作爲緊急訂單承接與否的判斷參考。爲驗證本模式之準確性，我們利用模擬方法，採用其它三種承接方法作爲比較的對象。這三種方法分別爲(1)完全拒絕承接緊急訂單法(2)完全承接緊急訂單法(3)隨機承接緊急訂單法。經由模擬結果顯示，本文所發展之承接評估模式的績效明顯優於其它三種承接方法。關於此模式之計算時間亦加以探討。

Abstract

Urgent demands from customers, known as rush orders, often occur in industries. However, most existing studies seldom discuss the economical justification of accepting such orders. In this paper, a method is proposed to decide whether or not an arriving rush order should be accepted in a job shop. In this method, a reward of accepting the rush order is compared with an extra cost generated by other affected orders caused by accepting the rush order in this job shop. If the reward is greater than or equal to the extra cost, the rush order is accepted. Otherwise, the rush order is rejected. In order to verify this proposed method, three non-controlled order acceptance methods: (1) rejecting all rush orders, (2) accepting all rush orders and (3) randomly accepting rush orders are used to compare with this proposed method on the criterion of total profit via computer simulation. The results show the proposed method outperforms these three non-controlled order acceptance methods. At last, the computational aspects of this method are also discussed.

關鍵詞:

• 緊急訂單
• 訂單式生產系統
• 評估模式
• 模擬

Keywords:

• rush order
• job shop
• economical justification
• simulation