Long-Term Growth Responses of a Jeffrey Pine Stand to Mechanized Thinning and Prescribed Fire

Abstract

Forest thinnings implemented with cut-to-length and whole-tree harvesting systems followed by underburning were evaluated for their effects on individual tree and stand level growth responses in pure, uneven-aged Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi Grev. & Balf.) accompanied by isolated California white fir (Abies concolor var. lowiana [Gord.] Lemm.). Based on both dimension and volume measures, trees of the unburned whole-tree treatment combination exhibited the greatest individual growth responses. At the stand level, a diminished volume growth response in the whole-tree treatment was especially pronounced in the burned portion, mostly attributable to exaggerated stocking losses, while a superior response in the unburned cut-to-length combination likely reflected not only the absence of detrimental fire impacts but also benefits of on-site slash retention. For stand level biomass, diminished growth in the whole-tree treatment was again evident, with that in the burned portion again most pronounced, while biomass accrual in the unburned cut-to-length treatment combination was generally comparable to that in the unthinned control. Increasingly utilized in forest restoration efforts in the western USA, the responses presented herein to these thinning and burning practices provide natural resource managers insight into potential compromised outcomes when implemented in Jeffrey pine and similar dry site forest types.

Keywords:

• stand density management
• cut-to-length harvesting
• whole-tree harvesting
• prescription fire
• tree dimensions
• stand volume
• stand biomass
• Pinus jeffreyi
• Abies concolor

Acknowledgments

Support for this research was provided by the Nevada Agricultural Experiment Station, McIntire-Stennis Cooperative Forestry Research Program, and the USDA Forest Service. The authors are indebted to S. Belshaw, D. Boe, D. Brunson, J. Chacon, M. Clark, A. Coogan, G. Fernandez, W. Frederick, T. Gunder, J. Holcomb, K. Jones, C. McCarthy, B. Melville, K. Murphy, J. Roubique, R. Salas, J. Spurlock, R. Wilson, and Robinson Enterprises Inc. for their assistance.