The preparation of felodipine/zein amorphous solid dispersions and in vitro evaluation using a dynamic gastrointestinal system

ABSTRCT

Felodipine has been widely used as a poorly water-soluble model drug for various studies to improve its oral bioavailability and in vivo efficacy. In this study, we developed amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) via spray drying to enhance the bioavailability of felodipine through using natural zein protein as a novel polymeric excipient. The solid state characterization results demonstrated a single glass transition temperature (T_g) around 128.6 °C and good physical stability post 3 months accelerated study under the condition of 40 °C and 75% relative humidity (RH), which is possibly accounted for the molecular immobilization and hydrogen bonding interactions between felodipine and zein. By combining the in vitro dissolution study with TIM-1 gastrointestinal simulation investigation, it is indicated that felodipine was rapidly released from the ASD in 30 mins, and the supersaturation of felodipine was well maintained over 6 h, which resulted in a significant enhancement of felodipine bioavailability during simulated digestive processes in the upper GI tract. This study suggests that spray drying combined with natural excipient zein is an efficient formulation strategy for the development of ASDs with enhanced aqueous solubility and bioavailability.

Keywords:

• Zein
• amorphous solid dispersions
• spray drying
• solid-state characterization
• bioavailability
• TIM-1 model

Disclosure statement

The author declares no competing financial interest.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by Zhejiang Hisun Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. TNO TIM-1 system was supported by Rutgers University.