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ABSTRACT
Recently a great deal of interest has been developed towards natural bioactive components from seaweeds as functional food ingredients. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antihypertensive activities of ethyl acetate:methanol and chloroform solvent fractions of the brown seaweed Sargassum wightii were evaluated using different in vitro systems. The ethyl acetate:methanol fraction registered greater Fe2+ ion chelating ability (IC50 0.52 mg/ml), and were effective in stabilizing the 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid (IC50 0.82 mg/mL), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazil radicals (IC50 0.32 mg/mL) than those derived from chloroform solvent fractions. The chloroform solvent fraction showed greater angiotensin converting enzyme-I inhibitory activity (IC50 0.084 mg/mL), while the ethyl acetate:methanol fraction exhibited greater anti-COX-1, 2, and 5-LOX (IC50 0.03-0.05 mg/mL) and DPP-4 inhibitory (IC50 ~ 0.013 mg/mL) properties. A significant co-linearity was recorded between target bioactive properties and the electronegative groups appeared in the downfield space of the nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the ethyl acetate:methanol and chloroform solvent fractions from S. wightii.
Nomenclature
| COX-1 | = | Cycloxygenase-1 |
| COX-2 | = | cycloxygenase-2 |
| 5-LOX | = | 5-liopxygenase |
| DPP-4 | = | dipeptidyl peptidase-4 |
| ACE | = | angiotensin-I converting enzyme |
| NMR | = | nuclear magnetic resonance |
| ABTS | = | 2, 2′-azino-bis-3 ethylbenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid diammonium salt |
| DPPH | = | 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil |
| PCA | = | principle component analysis |
| TBARS | = | thiobarbituric acid reactive species |
Acknowledgments
The authors thank the Director, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (ICAR-CMFRI), for his guidance and support. Thanks are due to the Head, Marine Biotechnology Division for facilitating the research works.
Funding
This work was supported by the funding under the Science & Engineering Research Board (SERB) Scheme (Grant number SR/S1/OC-96/2012 SERB) from Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India. Anusree Maneesh acknowledges ICAR, for the award of a scholarship. Fasina Makkar would like to thank the Department of Science and Technology for fellowship.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.