Pharmacological, nutraceutical, functional and therapeutic properties of fennel (foeniculum vulgare)

ABSTRACT

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) is a cuisine spice of the Apiaceae genus extensively cultivated in tropical and temperate regions. Due to its commercial significance and considerable pharmaceutical industry uses, fennel is regarded as one of the world’s most important medicinal plants while being one of the oldest spice plants. The aim of the study is to discuss pharmacological qualities including antibacterial, antidiabetic, anticancer, antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant, anticancer, and other activities. Flavonoids, glycosides, and other phytoconstituents found in fennel are utilized as remedies for many illnesses. Fennel contains phenolic chemicals that are beneficial to human health. From this plant, bioactive substances like trans-anethole, estragole, fenchone, and quercetin have been identified. Several of these chemicals have been linked to potential human body systems. Fennel may be utilized in the creation of many drugs since it has a variety of pharmacological qualities and their bioactive components are crucial to maintaining human health.

KEYWORDS:

• Fennel
• functional foods
• health benefits
• nutraceuticals

Acknowledgments

Authors are thankful to University of Lahore, Lahore, and Kampala International University, Kampala, for providing the facilities used for this study.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Authors’ contributions

All the authors wrote contributed equally.

Ethical approval

The study does not involve any human or animal testing.

Data availability statement

Data used for this review is available on request through the corresponding author; although all the relevant data have been provided here

Additional information

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.