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ABSTRACT
Introduction: Schiff bases are synthetically accessible and structurally diverse compounds, typically obtained by facile condensation between an aldehyde, or a ketone with primary amines. Schiff bases contain an azomethine (-C = N-) linkage that stitches together two or more biologically active aromatic/heterocyclic scaffolds to form various molecular hybrids with interesting biological properties. Schiff bases are versatile metal complexing agents and have been known to coordinate all metals to form stable metal complexes with vast therapeutic applications.
Areas covered: This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the various patented therapeutic applications of Schiff bases and their metal complexes from 2010 to 2015.
Expert opinion: Schiff bases are a popular class of compounds with interesting biological properties. Schiff bases are also versatile metal complexing ligands and have been used to coordinate almost all d-block metals as well as lanthanides. Therapeutically, Schiff bases and their metal complexes have been reported to exhibit a wide range of biological activities such as antibacterial including antimycobacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antimalarial, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, pesticidal, cytotoxic, enzyme inhibitory, and anticancer including DNA damage.
Article highlights
Schiff bases are an important class of compounds that gain popularity to their ease of preparation from readily available inexpensive starting materials (aldehydes/ketones and primary amines).
Structurally diverse, biologically active scaffolds are easily tethered together by simple azomethine linkage (-C=N-), allowing rapid access to vast libraries of structurally diverse molecular hybrids with diverse biological properties.
Schiff bases are versatile ligands for metal coordination, the structure of Schiff base ligand can be easily tailored to coordinate different metal ions in a variety of oxidation states and coordination numbers.
This review covers (2010-2015) patented Schiff bases and their metal complexes having different therapeutic applications such as antimicrobial, antiAlzheimer, anticancer, antituberculosis, urease inhibition, pesticidal activity, antiglycation, detoxification, as imaging reagents, as antimicrobial wound dressing, and for quantitative determination of homocysteine in biological fluids.
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Declaration of interest
The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.