Academic and social attributions as predictors of emotional and behavioural difficulties in students referred for learning disabilities and typically achieving students: the female profile in Oman

ABSTRACT

Identification of children who exhibit emotional and behavioural difficulties (EBDs) has been prioritized in several countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region including Oman. Research showed that cognitive attribution processes are biased and defective in atypical populations such as students with learning disabilities (LD). The current study examined the relationship between school-based attributions including academic and social attributions and the display of EBDs in students referred for having LD and typically achieving students. The Student Academic Attribution Scale (SAAS), Student Social Attribution Scale (SSAS), and the Arabic version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (A-SDQ) were administered to 135 typically achieving students and 89 students referred for LD. The participants were all females from middle school. Stepwise regression analyses showed that academic and social attributions were more predictive of EBDs in students referred for LD compared to typically achieving students. The attribution profile of students with LD reflected negative symptoms that lead to the display of internalizing and externalizing EBDs. The study findings are discussed in relation to how schools can utilize the cognitive process of attribution to support students with EBDs.

KEYWORDS:

• Attributions
• emotional and behavioural difficulties
• middle school
• Sultanate of Oman

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Mahmoud Mohamed Emam

Dr. Mahmoud Mohamed Emam, an associate professor of special- inclusive education at Sultan Qaboos University. PhD from the University of Manchester, two Masters from the University of London, the UK and from Assiut University, Egypt. He attained two Fulbright scholarships at University of Kansas, and University of Florida. Published articles in international, regional and national journals.