Factors related to muscle strength in postmenopausal women aged younger than 65 years with normal vitamin D status

Abstract

Objective: The study aimed to determine the impact of age, age at menopause, body mass index (BMI), and lumbar and hip bone mineral density (BMD) on muscle strength in young postmenopausal women with normal vitamin D levels.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study performed in 392 postmenopausal women aged <65 years with normal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (≥30 ng/ml) and no physical disabilities. The following variables were recorded: age, age at menopause, BMI, BMD (measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry [DXA] scanning and expressed as lumbar and hip T-scores), and dominant hand grip strength (measured with a digital dynamometer). Results are reported as mean ± standard deviation or odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) as appropriate.

Results: The mean age of the whole sample was 57.30 ± 3.69 years with a mean age at menopause of 50.46 ± 2.16 years and a mean BMI of 24.93 ± 3.78. Mean DXA results were lumbar T-score of −1.16 ± 1.18 and hip T-score of −0.98 ± 0.93. The mean dominant hand grip force was 24.10 kg. A total of 12.2% (48/392) of women were diagnosed with dynapenia using a cut-off value of <20 kg. A weak but significant inverse correlation was found between grip strength in the dominant hand and age (r = −0.131, p = 0.009). Multivariable logistic regression analysis determined that earlier age at menopause (50 years or younger) was significantly associated with a higher risk of dynapenia (OR 2.741, 95% CI 1.23–6.11, p = 0.014). No other significant association was found with the other variables.

Conclusions: A total of 12.2% of the studied young postmenopausal women with normal vitamin D status had dynapenia. There was a weak inverse correlation between grip strength and age, and earlier age at menopause was associated with an increased dynapenia risk.

摘要

目的：本研究旨在确定维生素D水平正常的年轻绝经后妇女的年龄, 绝经年龄, 体重指数（BMI）, 腰椎和髋骨矿物质密度（BMD）对肌肉力量的影响。

方法：这是一项横断面研究, 对392名年龄<65岁, 血清25-羟维生素D水平正常（≥30ng/ ml）且无身体残疾的绝经后妇女进行了横断面研究。记录以下变量：年龄, 绝经年龄, BMI, BMD（通过双能X射线吸收测定法[DXA]扫描测量并表示为腰部和臀部T分数）和优势手握力（用数字测力计）。结果报告为平均值±标准偏差或比值比（OR）和95％置信区间（CI）。

结果：整个样本的平均年龄为57.30 ± 3.69岁, 平均绝经年龄为50.46 ± 2.16岁, 平均BMI为24.93 ± 3.78, 平均DXA结果为腰部T评分为-1.16 ± 1.18, 髋部T评分为-0.98 ± 0.93, 平均优势手握力为24.10千克。共有12.2％（48/392）的女性被诊断为患有肌力减低症, 截止值为<20 kg。优势手的握力与年龄之间发现弱显著负相关（r = -0.131, p = 0.009）。多变量逻辑回归分析确定绝经年龄较早（50岁或以下）与较高的肌力减低症风险显著相关（OR 2.741,95％CI 1.23-6.11, p = 0.014）, 没有发现其他变量的其他显著关联。

结论：在维生素D状态正常的年轻绝经后女性中, 总共有12.2％患有肌力减低症。握力与年龄之间存在微弱的负相关关系；绝经年龄越早, 肌力减低症风险越高。

Keywords:

• Handgrip strength
• body mass index
• bone mineral density
• vitamin D
• postmenopausal women
• age at menopause

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Funding

Nil.