Slaughter value and meat quality in two strains of polish crested cockerels

Abstract

With increasing consumer awareness of animal welfare, and also on humanitarian grounds, the search is on to find the possibility of using slow-growing cockerels, which are becoming an alternative for conventional broilers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate slaughter value and meat quality in two new strains of Polish Crested cockerels: CP-11 (40 birds) and CP-22 (40 birds) which were raised for 25 weeks on a finishing diet based on whole wheat and oat grain. Carcase quality parameters (carcase weight, dressing percentage, leg and breast muscle percentage) were evaluated. Moreover, breast meat parameters (pH₂₄, cooking loss, colour, muscle fibre diameter, sensory traits, chemical composition, fatty acid profile) were determined. The results showed that CP-22 cockerels were characterised by significantly lower carcase weight (p < .05) and significantly higher dressing percentage (p < .05) compared to CP-11 cockerels. Genotype had no significant effect on breast meat quality parameters such as acidity, cooking loss, colour, as well as chemical composition of raw meat, tenderness, texture parameters, and muscle fibre size. On the other hand, breast meat from CP-22 cockerels was characterised by higher aroma desirability (p < .05) as well as higher content of nutritionally desirable fatty acids such as CLA (p < .01), GDLA (p < .01), AA (p < .01), EPA (p < .05), DPA (p < .05) and DHA (p < .01). Summarising, the obtained results indicated that the application of a similar model for the farming and feeding of surplus Polish Crested cockerels will provide a relatively large amount of meat, which can be used in traditional or alternative farming.

Highlights

• The cockerels of both strains exhibited high dressing percentage, their meat had a beneficial chemical composition and delicate texture.

• Breast meat from CP-22 cockerels was characterised by higher aroma desirability as well as higher content of nutritionally desirable fatty acids.

• The use of post-production cockerels of the CP-11 and CP-22 strains of Polish crested chickens may be a good choice for organic farming or free range.

Keywords:

• Native chicken
• carcase composition
• meat quality

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest associated with the paper. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this article.

Ethical Approval

The experimantal methods were approved by the national committe for ethics in animal research in Poland.

Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by the funds of the Ministry of Sciences and Higher Education, Poland for the University of Agriculture in Krakow for the year 2019 [Grant nos. 215-D201 and 215-D205].