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Articles

Biopreservation potential of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from Italian traditional raw milk cheeses

Potencial de biopreservación de cepas de Enterococcus faecalis aisladas de quesos tradicionales Italianos de leche cruda

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Pages 210-217 | Received 14 Mar 2013, Accepted 11 Jul 2013, Published online: 12 Nov 2013
 

Abstract

Enterococcus faecalis is frequently associated with raw milk cheeses of Mediterranean area. The genetic diversity of 38 E. faecalis obtained from raw milk products in Italy was assessed through Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA PCR (RAPD-PCR) and repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (rep-PCR). The strains were screened for their antimicrobial activity against 5 food-borne spoilage and pathogenic bacteria and 13 lactic acid bacteria (LAB), commonly used as starter cultures. Investigation was made to identify the bacteriocinogenic potential by searching for bacteriocin-encoding genes. Inhibitory effects against undesirable bacteria, including Bacillus cereus (44.7% of strains), Escherichia coli (18.4%), Listeria monocytogenes (15.8%), Staphylococcus aureus (2.6%), and Clostridium sporogenes (21.1%), were detected. Moderate antagonism towards LAB was found. One strain producing enterocin AS-48 was identified, suggesting that the antimicrobial activity of the phenotypically positive isolates should be necessarily due to another non-enterocin factor. A deeper insight into biopreservation potential of dairy E. faecalis was provided, highlighting the influence of this species on cheese microbial community.

Frecuentemente, el Enterococcus faecalis es asociado con los quesos de leche cruda de la región mediterránea. En el presente estudio se valoró la diversidad genética de 38 E. faecalis obtenidos de productos de leche cruda de Italia, mediante RAPD-PCR y rep-PCR. Se estudió la actividad antimicrobiana de las cepas a partir de cinco bacterias patógenas y saprófitas de origen alimentario y de 13 bacterias de ácido láctico (BAL) utilizadas comúnmente como cultivos iniciadores. Con el objetivo de identificar el potencial bacteriocinagénico mediante la búsqueda de genes de codificación de bacteriocinas, se realizaron investigaciones, detectándose efectos inhibitorios contra bacterias indeseables, entre las que se incluyen Bacillus cereus (44.7% de las cepas), Escherichia coli (18.4%), Listeria monocytogenes (15.8%), Staphylococcus aureus (2.6%) y Clostridium sporogenes (21.1%). Asimismo, se constató un moderado antagonismo contra las BAL y se identificó una cepa que produce enterocina AS-48, lo cual sugiere que la actividad antimicrobiana de los aislados fenotípicamente positivos es consecuencia de otro factor diferente a la enterocina. El estudio arrojó una comprensión más profunda sobre el potencial de biopreservación de E. faecalis en lácteos, destacándose la influencia de esta especie dentro de la comunidad microbiana de los quesos.

Palabras claves: Enterococcus faecalis; biopreservación; enterocinas; quesos de leche cruda; rep-PCR; RAPD-PCR

Acknowledgement

This study was partly performed within the research project “Accordo Quadro CNR – Regione Lombardia”.

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