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Review

Thermal gelation of myofibrillar proteins from aquatic organisms

Gelificación térmica de proteínas miofibrilares de organismos acuáticos

, , &
Pages 502-508 | Received 24 Jul 2015, Accepted 31 Oct 2015, Published online: 03 Dec 2015
 

ABSTRACT

Gelling ability is attributed to myosin, which is the main myofibrillar protein. Therefore, its integrity is very important. However, a gel with good textural characteristics and stability depends on the inherent characteristics of its proteins, as well as on external factors (primarily temperature, pH, protein concentration and added salt). The best gels from aquatic organism proteins are obtained at a pH value of approximately 7.0. However, the concentration of salt is often variable. In contrast, when proteins are recovered using acid/alkaline dissolution, gels with good textural characteristics are obtained without salt. Hydrophobic interactions, disulfide bonds, hydrogen bonds, and electrostatic interactions are the main interactions that stabilize the protein gel. Thus, this review focuses on the study of the main factors involved in protein gelation, as well as on the extraction method effect on the gelling capacity of proteins from aquatic organisms.

RÉSUMÉ

Miosina es la principal proteína miofibrilar a la cual se le atribuye la habilidad gelificante, por lo tanto su integridad es muy importante. Sin embargo, las propiedades texturales y estabilidad de los geles depende de las características inherentes de sus proteínas, así como de factores externos (principalmente temperatura, pH, concentración de proteína y sal añadida). En general, los mejores geles proteicos obtenidos de organismos acuáticos se obtienen a pH cercano a 7.0, mientras que la concentración de sal suele ser variable; sin embargo, cuando la recuperación de proteínas se realiza a través de disoluciones ácidas/alcalinas, es posible obtenerse geles con buenas características texturales en ausencia de sal. Las principales interacciones involucradas en la estabilización de geles proteicos son: interacciones hidrofóbicas, puentes disulfuro, puentes de indrógeno e interacciones electrostáticas. Por esta razón, la presente revisión estudia los principales factores involucrados en la gelificación proteica, así como el efecto del método de extracción, sobre la capacidad gelificante de proteínas de organismos acuáticos.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

The authors thank the CONACyT from México for the scholarship provided to the first author and for the resources to fund this research.