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Articles

Efficacy of Chromolaena odorata leaf extracts on Biomphalaria pfeifferi eggs in control of Schistosomiasis

Pages 236-239 | Received 24 Sep 2012, Accepted 29 Oct 2012, Published online: 26 Nov 2012
 

Abstract

Schistosomiasis is still a problem in many parts of the world, with 85% infection in Africa. There is a need to control the snail, which is essential to complete the transmission circle. The molluscicidal activities of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts of Chromolaena odorata against eggs of Biomphalaria pfeifferi were investigated. Thirty viable eggs of this snail were exposed for 48 h to a serial dilution of 0 (control), 8, 20, 28, 40, 60, 80, and 100 ppm of distilled water and ethanolic extracts of C. odorata leaves. The LC50 and LC90 values of an aqueous extract were 65.75 and 139.54 ppm, respectively, while LC50 and LC90 of an ethanolic extract were 44.03 and 119.3 ppm, respectively. The two plant extracts showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the mortality rates of B. pfeifferi eggs. The results deserve further studies in order to identify and characterize the molluscicidal components of C. odorata leaves.

Daugelyje pasaulio šalių šistosomatozės problemos neišspręstos, o 85% šių susirgimų užregistruojama Afrikoje. Labai svarbi sraigių – pagrindinės šistosomų gyvybinio ciklo grandies – kontrolė. Ištirtas Chromolaena odorata lapų vandeninio ekstrakto ir etanolio ekstrakto moliuskocidinis poveikis sraigės Biomphalaria pfeifferi kiaušinėliams. Po trisdešimt šios rūšies sraigių kiaušinėlių 48 valandas buvo laikomi C. odorata lapų distiliuoto vandens ir etanolio ekstraktuose, kurių koncentracija buvo 0 (kontrolė), 8, 20, 28, 40, 60, 80 ir 100 milijoninių dalių. Vandeninio ekstrakto LC50 ir LC90 koncentracijos buvo, atitinkamai, 65,75 ir 139,54 milijoninių dalių, o etanolio ekstrakto LC50 ir LC90 koncentracijos – 44,03 ir 119,3 milijoninių dalių. Po 48 valandų trukmės poveikio buvo nustatyta, kad vandeninio C. odorata lapų ekstrakto įtaka B. pfeifferi kiaušinėlių mirtingumui buvo didesnė, negu etanolio ekstrakto (p < 0,05). Rezultatai rodo tolesnių tyrimų poreikį, siekiant identifikuoti moliuskocidinius C. odorata lapų komponentus.

Acknowledgments

Thanks to Mr and Mrs Otarigho James for financial support and encouragements both in the field and laboratory works. This study includes part of the MSc thesis of Otarigho Benson.

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