Accelerated infected wound healing by topical application of encapsulated Rosemary essential oil into nanostructured lipid carriers

Abstract

The pathogenic bacteria delay wound healing due to their interaction in the wound area. This study is aimed to evaluate the efficiency of topical rosemary essential oil (REO) loaded into the nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) on in vitro antibacterial activity and in vivo infected wound healing process in the animal model. REO-NLCs morphology, size and in vitro antibacterial activity were done. Two circular full-thickness wound (each 6 mm) were made on the back of each mouse and each wound was infected with a solution containing 10⁷ CFU Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Animals were divided into four groups including control, Mupirocin^® and two treated groups with a gel containing REO and REO-NLCs. For this purpose, tissue bacterial count, histological assessment, serum level of IL-3, IL-10, VEGF and SDF-1α were evaluated. REO-NLCs showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Moreover, REO-NLCs could reduce the rate of tissue bacterial colonization and wound size, while they increased the vascularization, fibroblast infiltration, re-epithelialization, collagen production, IL-3, IL-10, VEGF and SDF-1α serum levels. Our finding revealed the REO-NLCs have antibacterial properties and accelerated infected wound healing, and so that confirming their potential clinical uses for the treatment of infected wounds.

Keywords:

• Nanostructure lipid carrier
• Rosemary essential oil
• Infected wound healing
• Inflammation
• Cytokines

Ethical approval

The applied procedures were approved by the Ethical Committee of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Urmia Branch (No. IAUU, 1106). All the ethical principles and management were in agreement with National Institutes of Health guide for the care and use of Laboratory animals (NIH Publications No. 8023, revised 1978).

Acknowledgement

This work was done in Veterinary Faculty of Urmia Islamic Azad University as a DVM thesis of Mr. Keyvan Khezri. The authors are grateful to Dr. Maryam Mohammadi for help in NLC preparation. This study was the result of a thesis research project and was supported by author’s own work.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.