http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0760-3184
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ABSTRACT
Food waste is a growing problem for the food industry, leading to an increase of pollution and economic problems. Fruits and vegetables are very rich in bioactive compounds having many benefits for humans. These biocompounds can be found not only in the fruit/vegetable itself but also in its wastes, after processing. Nonetheless, the conventional extraction methods are highly problematic, due to solvent consumption, long extraction time, and low extraction yields, making it necessary to develop new extraction techniques. In this review, we aim to review the most recent literature on the extraction of bioactive compounds from fruit peels and seeds, using sub/supercritical fluids, ultrasound, and enzymes.
Funding
This work was supported by National Funds from FCT–Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia through project UID/Multi/50016/2013 and by FCT/MEC by the financial support to the QOPNA Research Unit (number FCT UID/QUI/00062/2013), through national funds and where applicable co-financed by the FEDER, within the PT2020 Partnership Agreement. Elisabete M.C. Alexandre and Silvia A. Moreira are grateful for the financial support of this work from “Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - FCT” through the Post-doctoral Grant SFRH/BPD/95795/2013 and the Doctoral Grant SFRH/BD/110430/2015, respectively.