Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Other Pharmacological Activities of Ocimum Species: Potential to Be Used as Food Preservatives and Functional Ingredients

ABSTRACT

Ocimum plants are commonly used culinary herbs and fragrant ornamental plants. Beyond this feature, the present review firstly describes scientific studies on the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of several Ocimum species. Secondly, the use of Ocimum plants as ingredients for food preservation, such as meat, fish and dairy products was covered. Thirdly, the phytochemical composition has been reviewed to reinforce further standardization to be Ocimum plants used as preservatives. Finally, other pharmacological properties (cardioprotective activity, anti-diabetic activity, hepato-renal protective activity, anticancer activity) are also reviewed. Overall, these plants can serve to promote food preservatives and functional ingredients, but there are still some challenges to be overcome as this review points out.

KEYWORDS:

• Aromatic herb
• basil
• food preservative
• functional ingredient
• Ocimum

Acknowledgments

M.d.M. Contreras thanks the FEDER UJA project 1260905 funded by “Programa Operativo FEDER 2014-2020” and “Consejería de Economía y Conocimiento de la Junta de Andalucía”. N. Martins would like to thank the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT-Portugal) for the Strategic project ref. UID/BIM/04293/2013 and “NORTE2020 - Northern Regional Operational Program” (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000012).

Declaration of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.