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Original Articles

Evaluation of Yeast Physiological State by Alcian Blue Retention

Evaluación del Estado Fisiológico de Levadura por Retención de Alcian Azul

, , , , &
Pages 149-152 | Received 24 Oct 2001, Accepted 25 Apr 2002, Published online: 01 Feb 2018
 

Abstract

Alcian blue is a type of phthalocyanine complex that has four positively charged sites in the molecule and is adsorbed by negatively charged yeast cell surfaces, particularly the mannosylphosphate moiety. This dye has been used to estimate changes in cell surface charge. During the course of our study, we found that the dye adsorption to yeast cell, defined as the Alcian blue retention ratio (ABR), varied according to the culture conditions. The ABR increased in the lag- and logarithmic phases of yeast growth under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions and showed a behavior similar to the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. We found that there was a significant correlation between the ABR and the unsaturated fatty acid or ergosterol contents in yeast cells during fermentation. Further study showed that the ABR was affected by serial repitching, wort gravity, and yeast strains and, presumably, it indicated the propagation activity of the brewer's yeast. These results suggest that the ABR will be useful for the evaluation of yeast physiological states, especially the yeast propagation and fermentation conditions.

RESUMEN

Alcian azul es un tipo de complejo de phthalocyanine que tiene cuatro sitios positivamente cargados en la molécula y es adsorbido por las superficies negativamente cargadas de las células de levadura, particularmente la parte mannosylphosphate. Este tinte se ha utilizado para estimar cambios de carga en la superficie de la célula. Durante el curso de nuestro estudio, encontramos que la adsorción del tinte a la célula de levadura, definida como la relación de retención de Alcian azul (RAA), varió según las condiciones del cultivo. La RAA aumentó en las fases de retraso y las fases logarítmicas de crecimiento de la levadura bajo condiciones aerobias y anaerobias y demostró un comportamiento similar a la biosíntesis de ácidos grasosos no saturados. Encontramos que había una correlación significante entre la RAA y el contenido de ácidos grasosos no saturados o ergosterol en las células de levadura durante fermentación. Estudios adicionales demostraron que la RAA fue afectada por sucesivas refloculaciones, la gravedad del mosto, y cepas de levadura y, presumiblemente, indicó la actividad de propagación de la levadura cervecera. Estos resultados sugieren que la RAA será útil en evaluar los estados fisiológicos de la levadura, especialmente las condiciones de propagación y fermentación.

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