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Original Articles

Temporal Production of Platelet-Activating Factor by Brewer's YeastFootnote1

La Producción Temporal de Factor Activante de Plaqueta de Levadura Cervecera

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Pages 135-138 | Received 17 Dec 2004, Accepted 05 Nov 2005, Published online: 01 Feb 2018
 

Abstract

The biochemical performance of brewer's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) during the fermentation process will significantly influence beer quality. Yeast produces a number of biochemical compounds, including platelet-activating factor (PAF; 1-o-alkyl-2-o-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine). PAF is a potent signaling phospholipid with pleiotropic physiologic-biochemical properties in addition to activating platelets. PAF appears to be of critical importance for many cellular events, including division and metabolism. Yeast cells produce PAF, and this unique biochemical controls the cell-cycle phase in budding yeast. The study objective was to determine temporal PAF production by ale and lager yeast strains at two different culture temperatures (14 and 20°C). At different culture times (1–100 hr), aliquots (100 μL) of media were removed for PAF analysis by a specific radioimmunoassay (125I). There was a significant difference (P < 0.001) between ale (16.35 ± 1.28 pM/106 cells) and lager yeast (26.68 ± 2.15 pM/106 cells) in PAF levels. Both culture temperature and time had significant (P < 0.001) effects on PAF production. There was a cyclic pattern to PAF production in both strains of yeast; however, this was most evident in the lager strain. The data confirms that brewer's yeast produces PAF and production levels are cyclic in nature and strain and temperature dependent. Additional studies are warranted to determine the impact of PAF in yeast fermentation and attendant beer quality.

RESUMEN

El desempeño bioquímico de levadura cervecera (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) durante el proceso de fermentación influirá apreciablemente la calidad de cerveza. La levadura produce varios compuestos bioquímicos, inclusive factor activante de plaqueta (PAF; 1-o-alkyl-2-o-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine). Además de activar las plaquetas, PAF es un fosfolípido señalador poderoso con propiedades pleiotrópicos fisiológico-bioquímicos. PAF parece ser de importancia crítica en muchos acontecimientos celulares, inclusive en división y metabolismo. Las células de levadura producen PAF, y este bioquímico extraordinario controla la fase ciclo-célula en levadura brotante. El objetivo del estudio era determinar la producción temporal de PAF por las cepas de levadura ale y lager a dos temperaturas diferentes de cultura (14 y 20°C). A tiempos diferentes de cultura (1–100 hr), alícuotas (100 μL) de medio fueron tomadas para análisis radioinmunológico específico (125I) de PAF. Hubo una diferencia significativa (P < 0,001) entre la levadura ale (16.35 ± 1.28 pM/106 células) y lager (26.68 ± 2.15 pM/106 células) en niveles de PAF. Ambos la temperatura de cultura y el tiempo tuvieron efectos significativos (P < 0,001) en la producción de PAF. Hubo un patrón cíclico en la producción de PAF en ambas cepas de levadura; sin embargo, esto fue más evidente en la cepa lager. Los datos confirman que la levadura cervecera produce PAF y que los niveles de producción son cíclicos por naturaleza y dependientes de cepa y temperatura. Se merecen estudios adicionales para determinar el impacto de PAF en la fermentación de levadura y calidad de cerveza relacionada.

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