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Studies in Psychology
Estudios de Psicología
Volume 15, 1994 - Issue 51
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Original Articles

Testigos presenciales: influencia de la información posterior al suceso

Eyewitnesses: The influence of postevent information

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Pages 81-97 | Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Resumen

Uno de los principales fenómenos que ha estudiado la psicología del testimonio tiene que ver con las transformaciones que ocurren en la memoria del testigo cuando éste, una vez observado el suceso o delito, entra en contacto con otras informaciones sobre el suceso. El fenómeno de «creación de nuevas memorias» (Loftus y Hoffman, 1989) o de «distorsiones sinceras de la realidad» (Loftus, Korf y Schooler, 1988) ha recibido una considerable atención experimental durante los últimos años, así como un importante debatí acerca d los mecanismos psicológicos que pueden explicar este fenómeno. El presente artículo revisa las principales evidencias experimentales que apoyan las diferentes explicaciones alternativas al efecto de la información posterior al suceso.

Abstract

One of the main research issues in eyewitness testimony is concerned with transformations in the eyewitness's memory of an event as a result of postevent learning of new pieces of information. The «creation of new memories» (Loftus and Hoffman, 1989) or «sincere distortions of reality» (Loftus, Korf and Schooler, 1988) phenomena has received great research attention in recent years. Furthermore, there is a considerable debate about the psychological mechanism underlying the postevent information effect. The present paper is devoted to a revision of several of the main theoretical alternatives accounting for the postevent information influence on eyewitness reports.

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