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Culture and Education
Cultura y Educación
Volume 23, 2011 - Issue 3
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Original Articles

Tiempo de estancia y aprendizajes lingüísticos. El caso de los escolares inmigrantes en Cataluña

Length of stay and language learning: The case of immigrant schoolchildren in Catalonia

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Pages 355-370 | Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Resumen

España, en general, y Cataluña, en particular, se han convertido en los últimos años en importantes receptores de inmigración. En consecuencia, aquellos que se hallan en edad escolar, se han incorporado a los centros educativos planteando unos retos hasta hace poco desconocidos. Uno de ellos, y tal vez el que más preocupa al profesorado, se refiere al desarrollo de niveles de competencia lingüística suficientes para poder seguir una escolaridad vehiculada a través de lenguas que en muchas ocasiones tienen poco en común con la suya propia (L1). Tal circunstancia, puede verse agravada en Comunidades que, al objeto de responder al bilingüismo social existente, organizan sus sistemas educativos bajo los parámetros de la educación bilingüe.

En este contexto, a partir de una muestra de 121 niños y niñas que cursaban la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria en un centro de Cataluña (93 autóctonos y 28 inmigrantes), nuestro trabajo analiza el progreso en el conocimiento de catalán y castellano entre los recién llegados, tomando como referencia el tiempo de estancia en el país de acogida. Los resultados obtenidos apuntan a un proceso lento y complejo que hace necesaria una profunda reflexión entre los diversos estamentos educativos implicados.

Abstract

Over the last decade, Spain in general —and particularly Catalonia—has become an important host country for immigrants. Therefore, a considerable amount of students of immigrant origin have entered our educational system, posing new challenges for the whole community. One of these, that probably most concerns teachers, refers to developing adequate levels of linguistic competence so that these students may follow the curriculum in a language which, more often than not, has very little in common with their mother tongue (L1). This situation may be worse in regions, such as Catalonia, where the educational system is articulated under the parameters of bilingual education.

In this context, our work focuses on a sample of 121 boys and girls (93 non-immigrant and 28 immigrant students) in Compulsory Secondary Education attending a school in Catalonia. The main purpose of the study is to analyse the degree to which these students advance in their knowledge of Catalan and Spanish, taking as reference the length of stay in the host country. The data obtained depict a relatively slow and complex process that points at the need for serious reflection by all educational agents.

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