The Mechanism of Bone Remodeling After Bone Aging

Abstract

Senescence mainly manifests as a series of degenerative changes in the morphological structure and function of the body. Osteoporosis is a systemic bone metabolic disease characterized by destruction of bone microstructure, low bone mineral content, decreased bone strength, and increased brittleness and fracture susceptibility. Osteoblasts, osteoclasts and osteocytes are the main cellular components of bones. However, in the process of aging, due to various self or environmental factors, the body’s function and metabolism are disordered, and osteoporosis will appear in the bones. Here, we summarize the mechanism of aging, and focus on the impact of aging on bone remodeling homeostasis, including the mechanism of ion channels on bone remodeling. Finally, we summarized the current clinical medications, targets and defects for the treatment of osteoporosis.

Keywords:

• aging
• osteoporosis
• bone formation
• epigenetics
• autophagy
• chlorine channel

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Dr Murad Alahdal for discussion and critical reading of the article.

Disclosure

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81800785, 81972085, 81902303), the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2018A0303100027, 2020A151501048), Medical Science and Technology Research Foundation of Guangdong Province (A2018262), the Sanming Project of Shenzhen Health and Family Planning Commission (SZSM201612086), Shenzhen Science and Technology Planning (JCYJ20180228163401333, JCYJ20190806170612680, JCYJ20190806164216661, RCBS20200714114856299), and the Doctor Innovation Project of Shenzhen Health System (SZBC2018015), Shenzhen Peacock Project (KQTD20170331100838136), Shenzhen Key Medical Discipline Construction Fund (SZXK025), and discipline construction Capacity Improvement project of Shenzhen Municipal Health Commission (SZXJ2018065).