Study on the Effect of Antiplatelet and Gastric Mucosal Protection of Traditional Chinese Medicine Invigorating Qi and Hemostasis

Abstract

Background

To investigate the effects of Chinese herbal medicine in tonifying qi and attaining hemostasis caused by the metabolism of the drug clopidogrel and as a result of platelet and gastric mucosa injury in an ischemia-reperfusion rat model.

Methods

A pharmacokinetic model was established to record the drug metabolism parameters of clopidogrel metabolites. Then, absorption of the drug was compared with approaches using the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) approach of tonifying qi and establishing hemostasis, to using the drug pantoprazole and applying these approaches in combination with clopidogrel. Intragastric administration was performed, and all indicators were tested.

Results

The area under the curve (AUC; 0–T, 300.342 ± 35.832 mg/L* h; AUC 0–∞, 320.462 ± 40.213 mg/L* h), the plasma peak concentration (30.622 ± 9.917 mg/L*), and the peak time and half-life (7.954 ± 1.121 h) in the clopidogrel and the TCM groups were higher than those in the clopidogrel and pantoprazole groups. In terms of antiplatelet aggregation, compared with model group, the platelet aggregation rate induced by arachidonic acid (AA) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) was significantly decreased by the TCM approach of tonifying qi and stopping bleeding (p < 0.05). The ADP, thromboxane A2, GPII B/Pa-A, CD62P and platelet factor 4 content in the TCM yiqi decoction and hemostasis approach were significantly decreased (p < 0.01). Compared with the clopidogrel group, the gastrin and motilin in the serum, the cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and prostaglandin E2 in gastric tissue, and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor messenger ribonucleic acid in the serum were all significantly increased using TCM approach to protect against gastric mucosal injury (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

TCM invigorating qi and hemostasis has an inhibitory effect on platelet activation. It can reduce the local inflammatory reaction at the same time as protecting gastric mucosa.

Keywords:

• supplementing qi and hemostasis herbs
• proton pump inhibition
• antiplatelet effect
• gastric mucosal protection
• traditional Chinese medicine

Ethics Approval

All experiments were evaluated and approved by the ethics Committee of the Wangjing Hospital of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (No. IACUC-AMSS-20190215-02) and complied with the National Institutes of Health Guides for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animal Use.

Acknowledgments

We are particularly grateful to all the people who have given us help on our article.

Disclosure

The authors declare that they have no competing interests in this work.

Additional information

Funding

This study was funded by the “Capital Featured Projects” of Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission (No.Z151100004015085). The funding body had no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript.