The menopausal experience among indigenous women of Sarawak, Malaysia

Abstract

Objectives To document the common menopausal symptoms and quality of life in indigenous women of Sarawak in Malaysia.

Methods A face-to-face interview using the Menopause-specific Quality of Life questionnaire was conducted with 276 indigenous Sarawakian women aged 40–65 years to determine the mean age of menopause and common symptoms (divided into vasomotor, psychosocial, physical and sexual domains) associated with menopause.

Results The mean age at menopause of postmenopausal women was 50.78 ± 2.47 years (range 47.3–58.2 years). The most common symptoms reported were aching in muscles and joints (82.6%), lack of energy (77.5%) and low backache (77.2%). The typical menopausal symptoms of hot flushes, night sweats, sweating and vaginal dryness were experienced by 42.4%, 34.8%, 29.7% and 49.3%, respectively of the women studied. Perimenopausal women (n = 114) experienced the most physical and psychosocial symptoms, while postmenopausal women (n = 102) experienced most sexual symptoms. Perimenopausal and postmenopausal women were reported to suffer more than premenopausal women (p < 0.001) within the four domains of symptoms (vasomotor, psychosocial, physical and sexual).

Conclusions The menopausal symptoms in this study correspond to those in other studies on Asian women but the prevalence of typical and classical menopausal symptoms was lower compared to studies on Caucasian women. The perimenopausal women had the most significant decrease in quality of life, followed by postmenopausal women and premenopausal women. Vasomotor symptoms had a predominant influence on the quality of life.

Key words:

• Menopausal Symptoms
• Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire
• Indigenous Women
• Sarawak
• Malaysia

Acknowledgements

The authors thank Sarawak Health Department for their assistance in conducting this study and Dr Siti Rubiah Zainudin of the Faculty Resources Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak for helping in data analysis.

Conflict of interest  Nil.

Source of funding  This study was funded by Universiti Malaysia Sarawak.