Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome: a possible manifestation of Wegener’s granulomatosis-mediated endothelial injury

Abstract

We present the case of a 15-year-old girl who had Wegener’s granulomatosis with severe intestinal involvement. During the clinical course, she developed generalized seizures and was diagnosed with reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS). Plasma exchange combined with steroid pulse therapy was initiated and showed marked improvement. This is one of the few cases of RPLS without severe hypertension or renal failure, suggesting that RPLS is likely to be a manifestation of Wegener’s granulomatosis-mediated endothelial injury.

Keywords::

• Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS)
• Vasculitis
• Wegener’s granulomatosis