Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome: a possible manifestation of Wegener’s granulomatosis-mediated endothelial injury

References

• Hinchey J, Chaves C, Appignani B, Breen J, Pao L, Wang A et al. A reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:494–500.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mukherjee P, McKinstry RC. Reversible posterior leukoenceph-alopathy syndrome: evaluation with diffusion-tensor MR imaging. Radiology. 2001;219:756–65.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh N, Bonham A, Fukui M. Immunosuppressive-associated leukoencephalopathy in organ transplant recipients. Transplan-tation. 2000;69:467–72.
   Google Scholar
• Foocharoen C, Tiamkao S, Srinakarin J, Chamadol N, Sawan-yawisuth K. Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy caused by azathioprine in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Med Assoc Thai. 2006;89:1029–32.
   Google Scholar
• Arai M, Shigeno K, Wada M. A reversible posterior leukoen-cephalopathy syndrome in a patient with classical polyarteritis nodosa. Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 1997;37:64–6.
   Google Scholar
• Primavera A, Audenino D, Mavilio N, Cocito L. Reversible posterior leucoencephalopathy syndrome in systemic lupus and vasculitis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2001;60:534–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawano H, Kimura E, Ishizaki M, Nishida Y, Matsumoto N, Yamashita T et al. Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome in two patients with microscopic polyarteritis nodosa. Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 2002;42:949–53.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yong PF, Hamour SM, Burns A. Reversible posterior leukoen-cephalopathy in a patient with systemic sclerosis/systemic lupus erythematosus overlap syndrome. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2003;18:2660–2.
   Google Scholar
• Ohta T, Sakano T, Shiotsu M, Furue T, Ohtani H, Kinoshita Y et al. Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy in a patient with Wegener granulomatosis. Pediatr Nephrol. 2004;19:442–4.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mavragani CP, Vlachoyiannopoulous PG, Kosmas N, Boletis I, Tzioufas AG, Voulgarelis M. A case of reversible posterior leucoencephalopathy syndrome after rituximab infusion. Rheu-matology (Oxford). 2004;43:1450–1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thaipisuttikul I, Phanthumchinda K. Recurrent reversible pos-terior leukoencephalopathy in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Neurol. 2005;252:230–1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shin KC, Choi HJ, Bae YD, Lee JC, Lee EB, Song YW. Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus with thrombocytopenia treated with cyclo-sporine. J Clin Rheumatol. 2005;11:164–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tajima Y, Matsumoto A. Reversible posterior leukoencephalop-athy syndrome in p-ANCA-associated vasculitis. Inter Med. 2006;45(20):1169–71.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Magnano MD, Bush TM, Herrera I, Altman RD. Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2006;35:396–402.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Min L, Zwerling J, Ocava LC, Chen IH, Putterman C. Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy in connective tissue diseases. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2006;35:388–95.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kur JK, Esdaile JM. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syn-drome-an underrecognized manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol. 2006;33:2178–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ishimori ML, Pressman BD, Wallace DJ, Weisman MH. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: another manifes-tation of CNS SLE? Lupus. 2007;16:436–43.
   Google Scholar
• Cassano G, Gongora V, Zunino A, Roverano S, Paira S. Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. J Clin Rheumatol. 2007;13:55–7.
   Google Scholar
• Lateef A, Lim AY. Case reports of transient loss of vision and systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2007;36:146–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Preston GA, Yang JJ, Xiao H, Falk RJ. Understanding the pathogenesis of ANCA: where are we today? Cleve Clin J Med. 2002;69 Suppl 2:SII51–4.
   Google Scholar
• Edwards MJ, Walker R, Vinnicombe S, Barlow C, MacCallum P, Foran JM. Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome following CHOP chemotherapy for diffuse large B-cell lym-phoma. Ann Oncol. 2001;12:1327–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lewis GD, Campbell WB, Johnson AR. Inhibition of prosta-glandin synthesis by glucocorticoids in human endothelial cells. Endocrinology. 1986;119:62–9.
   Google Scholar
• Ay H, Buonanno FS, Schaefer PW, Le DA, Wang B, Gonzalez RG et al. Posterior leukoencephalopathy without severe hyper-tension: utility of diffusion-weighted MRI. Neurology. 1998; 51:1369–76.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sugimoto T, Deji N, Kume S, Osawa N, Sakaguchi M, Isshiki K et al. Pulmonary-renal syndrome, diffuse pulmonary hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis, associated with Wegener's granuloma-tosis effectively treated with early plasma exchange therapy. Intern Med. 2007;46:49–53.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Akca T, Colak T, Caglikulekci M, Ocal K, Aydin S. Intestinal perforation in Wegener's granulomatosis: a case report. Ulus Travma Derg. 2005;11:348–51.
   Google Scholar
• Storesund B, Gran JT, Koldingsnes W. Severe intestinal involvement in Wegener's granulomatosis: report of two cases and review of the literature. Br J Rheumatol. 1998;37:387–90.
   Google Scholar
• Geraghty J, Mackay IR, Smith DC. Intestinal perforation in Wegener's granulomatosis. Gut. 1986;27:450–1.
   Google Scholar
• Tokuda M, Kurata N, Daikuhara H, Akisawa M, Onishi I, Asano T et al. Small intestinal perforation in Wegener's granulomatosis. J Rheumatol. 1989;16:547–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kitamura N, Matsukawa Y, Takei M, Mitamura K, Nishinarita S, Sawada S, Hone T. Wegener's glanulomatosis complicated with intestinal ulceration. Mod Rheumatol. 2004;14:480–4.
   Google Scholar
• Walton EW. Giant cell granuloma of the repiratory tract (We-gener's granulomatosis). Br Med J. 1958;2:265–70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffman GS, Kerr GS, Leavitt RY, Hallahan GW, Lebovics RS, Travis WD et al. Wegener's granulomatosis :an analysis of 158 patients. Ann Intern Med. 1992;116:488–98.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar