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Abstract
Estrogen signaling is mediated by ERα and ERβ in hormone dependent, breast cancer (BC). Over the last decade the implication of epigenetic pathways in BC tumorigenesis has emerged: cancer-related epigenetic modifications are implicated in both gene expression regulation, and chromosomal instability. In this review, the epigenetic-mediated estrogen signaling, controlling both ER level and ER-targeted gene expression in BC, are discussed: (1) ER silencing is frequently observed in BC and is often associated with epigenetic regulations while chemical epigenetic modulators restore ER expression and increase response to treatment;(2) ER-targeted gene expression is tightly regulated by co-recruitment of ER and both coactivators/corepressors including HATs, HDACs, HMTs, Dnmts and Polycomb proteins.
Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest
No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.
Acknowledgments
This article was written while the authors were supported by the University of Franche-Comté, “BQR Jeunes chercheurs of University of Franche-Comté” and the Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche (MESR). The authors thank J. N. Legrand, Dr Ramji R. Rajendran MD PhD (Elk Grove Village, Illinois, USA) and Lisa Oliver PhD (INSERM U892, Nantes, France) for the critical reading of this manuscript and its comments.