2,941
Views
92
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Epigenetic regulation of estrogen signaling in breast cancer

, , &
Pages 237-245 | Received 15 Nov 2012, Accepted 25 Jan 2013, Published online: 30 Jan 2013

References

  • Lopez-Garcia MA, Geyer FC, Lacroix-Triki M, Marchió C, Reis-Filho JS. Breast cancer precursors revisited: molecular features and progression pathways. Histopathology 2010; 57:171 - 92; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.2010.03568.x; PMID: 20500230
  • Kuiper GG, Carlsson B, Grandien K, Enmark E, Häggblad J, Nilsson S, et al. Comparison of the ligand binding specificity and transcript tissue distribution of estrogen receptors alpha and beta. Endocrinology 1997; 138:863 - 70; http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.138.3.863; PMID: 9048584
  • Koos RD, Kazi AA, Roberson MS, Jones JM. New insight into the transcriptional regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor expression in the endometrium by estrogen and relaxin. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2005; 1041:233 - 47; http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1282.037; PMID: 15956714
  • Hockings JK, Degner SC, Morgan SS, Kemp MQ, Romagnolo DF. Involvement of a specificity proteins-binding element in regulation of basal and estrogen-induced transcription activity of the BRCA1 gene. Breast Cancer Res 2008; 10:R29; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/bcr1987; PMID: 18377656
  • Zhang B, Beeghly-Fadiel A, Long J, Zheng W. Genetic variants associated with breast-cancer risk: comprehensive research synopsis, meta-analysis, and epidemiological evidence. Lancet Oncol 2011; 12:477 - 88; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(11)70076-6; PMID: 21514219
  • Cheng X, Blumenthal RM. Mammalian DNA methyltransferases: a structural perspective. Structure 2008; 16:341 - 50; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2008.01.004; PMID: 18334209
  • Hervouet E, Hulin P, Vallette FM, Cartron PF. Proximity ligation in situ assay for monitoring the global DNA methylation in cells. BMC Biotechnol 2011; 11:31; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6750-11-31; PMID: 21470401
  • Soares J, Pinto AE, Cunha CV, André S, Barão I, Sousa JM, et al. Global DNA hypomethylation in breast carcinoma: correlation with prognostic factors and tumor progression. Cancer 1999; 85:112 - 8; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19990101)85:1<112::AID-CNCR16>3.0.CO;2-T; PMID: 9921982
  • Cho NY, Kim BH, Choi M, Yoo EJ, Moon KC, Cho YM, et al. Hypermethylation of CpG island loci and hypomethylation of LINE-1 and Alu repeats in prostate adenocarcinoma and their relationship to clinicopathological features. J Pathol 2007; 211:269 - 77; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/path.2106; PMID: 17139617
  • Hervouet E, Lalier L, Debien E, Cheray M, Geairon A, Rogniaux H, et al. Disruption of Dnmt1/PCNA/UHRF1 interactions promotes tumorigenesis from human and mice glial cells. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11333; http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0011333; PMID: 20613874
  • Gaudet F, Hodgson JG, Eden A, Jackson-Grusby L, Dausman J, Gray JW, et al. Induction of tumors in mice by genomic hypomethylation. Science 2003; 300:489 - 92; http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1083558; PMID: 12702876
  • Guil S, Esteller M. DNA methylomes, histone codes and miRNAs: tying it all together. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2009; 41:87 - 95; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2008.09.005; PMID: 18834952
  • Normanno N, Di Maio M, De Maio E, De Luca A, de Matteis A, Giordano A, et al, NCI-Naple Breast Cancer Group. Mechanisms of endocrine resistance and novel therapeutic strategies in breast cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2005; 12:721 - 47; http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/erc.1.00857; PMID: 16322319
  • Yao J, Zhang XB, Zhang XL, Fu WL. Methylation status of oestrogen receptor alpha-A: a predictor of prognosis in leukaemias. Biosci Rep 2010; 30:217 - 22; http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BSR20090044; PMID: 19555348
  • Wei J, Han B, Mao XY, Wei MJ, Yao F, Jin F. Promoter methylation status and expression of estrogen receptor alpha in familial breast cancer patients. Tumour Biol 2012; 33:413 - 20; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13277-011-0234-x; PMID: 21922275
  • Ramos EA, Camargo AA, Braun K, Slowik R, Cavalli IJ, Ribeiro EM, et al. Simultaneous CXCL12 and ESR1 CpG island hypermethylation correlates with poor prognosis in sporadic breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2010; 10:23; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-10-23; PMID: 20109227
  • Keen JC, Garrett-Mayer E, Pettit C, Mack KM, Manning J, Herman JG, et al. Epigenetic regulation of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), lymphotactin (XCL1) and estrogen receptor alpha (ER) expression in human breast cancer cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2004; 3:1304 - 12; http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/cbt.3.12.1458; PMID: 15662126
  • Prabhu JS, Wahi K, Korlimarla A, Correa M, Manjunath S, Raman N, et al. The epigenetic silencing of the estrogen receptor (ER) by hypermethylation of the ESR1 promoter is seen predominantly in triple-negative breast cancers in Indian women. Tumour Biol 2012; 33:315 - 23; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13277-012-0343-1; PMID: 22362381
  • Doshi T, Mehta SS, Dighe V, Balasinor N, Vanage G. Hypermethylation of estrogen receptor promoter region in adult testis of rats exposed neonatally to bisphenol A. Toxicology 2011; 289:74 - 82; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2011.07.011; PMID: 21827818
  • Yang X, Phillips DL, Ferguson AT, Nelson WG, Herman JG, Davidson NE. Synergistic activation of functional estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha by DNA methyltransferase and histone deacetylase inhibition in human ER-alpha-negative breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 2001; 61:7025 - 9; PMID: 11585728
  • Kawai H, Li H, Avraham S, Jiang S, Avraham HK. Overexpression of histone deacetylase HDAC1 modulates breast cancer progression by negative regulation of estrogen receptor alpha. Int J Cancer 2003; 107:353 - 8; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.11403; PMID: 14506733
  • Macaluso M, Cinti C, Russo G, Russo A, Giordano A. pRb2/p130-E2F4/5-HDAC1-SUV39H1-p300 and pRb2/p130-E2F4/5-HDAC1-SUV39H1-DNMT1 multimolecular complexes mediate the transcription of estrogen receptor-alpha in breast cancer. Oncogene 2003; 22:3511 - 7; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1206578; PMID: 12789259
  • Macaluso M, Montanari M, Noto PB, Gregorio V, Bronner C, Giordano A. Epigenetic modulation of estrogen receptor-alpha by pRb family proteins: a novel mechanism in breast cancer. Cancer Res 2007; 67:7731 - 7; http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-1476; PMID: 17699777
  • Westberry JM, Trout AL, Wilson ME. Epigenetic regulation of estrogen receptor alpha gene expression in the mouse cortex during early postnatal development. Endocrinology 2010; 151:731 - 40; http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2009-0955; PMID: 19966177
  • Woodfield GW, Hitchler MJ, Chen Y, Domann FE, Weigel RJ. Interaction of TFAP2C with the estrogen receptor-alpha promoter is controlled by chromatin structure. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:3672 - 9; http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-2343; PMID: 19458056
  • Fürst RW, Kliem H, Meyer HH, Ulbrich SE. A differentially methylated single CpG-site is correlated with estrogen receptor alpha transcription. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2012; 130:96 - 104; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2012.01.009; PMID: 22342840
  • Ellison-Zelski SJ, Solodin NM, Alarid ET. Repression of ESR1 through actions of estrogen receptor alpha and Sin3A at the proximal promoter. Mol Cell Biol 2009; 29:4949 - 58; http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/MCB.00383-09; PMID: 19620290
  • Zhao L, Yu Z, Li Y, Wen X, Ma W, Wang L, et al. Clinical implications of ERβ methylation on sporadic breast cancers in Chinese women. Med Oncol 2012; 29:1569 - 75; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12032-011-0107-6; PMID: 22105146
  • Zhu X, Leav I, Leung YK, Wu M, Liu Q, Gao Y, et al. Dynamic regulation of estrogen receptor-beta expression by DNA methylation during prostate cancer development and metastasis. Am J Pathol 2004; 164:2003 - 12; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63760-1; PMID: 15161636
  • Sabnis GJ, Goloubeva O, Chumsri S, Nguyen N, Sukumar S, Brodie AM. Functional activation of the estrogen receptor-α and aromatase by the HDAC inhibitor entinostat sensitizes ER-negative tumors to letrozole. Cancer Res 2011; 71:1893 - 903; http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-2458; PMID: 21245100
  • Fortunati N, Bertino S, Costantino L, De Bortoli M, Compagnone A, Bandino A, et al. Valproic acid restores ER alpha and antiestrogen sensitivity to ER alpha-negative breast cancer cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2010; 314:17 - 22; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2009.09.011; PMID: 19772891
  • Hostetter CL, Licata LA, Keen JC. Timing is everything: order of administration of 5-aza 2′ deoxycytidine, trichostatin A and tamoxifen changes estrogen receptor mRNA expression and cell sensitivity. Cancer Lett 2009; 275:178 - 84; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2008.10.005; PMID: 19013015
  • Webb P, Nguyen P, Shinsako J, Anderson C, Feng W, Nguyen MP, et al. Estrogen receptor activation function 1 works by binding p160 coactivator proteins. Mol Endocrinol 1998; 12:1605 - 18; http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/me.12.10.1605; PMID: 9773983
  • Zwart W, Theodorou V, Kok M, Canisius S, Linn S, Carroll JS. Oestrogen receptor-co-factor-chromatin specificity in the transcriptional regulation of breast cancer. EMBO J 2011; 30:4764 - 76; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/emboj.2011.368; PMID: 22002538
  • Dreijerink KM, Mulder KW, Winkler GS, Höppener JW, Lips CJ, Timmers HT. Menin links estrogen receptor activation to histone H3K4 trimethylation. Cancer Res 2006; 66:4929 - 35; http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-4461; PMID: 16651450
  • Shi L, Sun L, Li Q, Liang J, Yu W, Yi X, et al. Histone demethylase JMJD2B coordinates H3K4/H3K9 methylation and promotes hormonally responsive breast carcinogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:7541 - 6; http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1017374108; PMID: 21502505
  • Kim H, Heo K, Kim JH, Kim K, Choi J, An W. Requirement of histone methyltransferase SMYD3 for estrogen receptor-mediated transcription. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:19867 - 77; http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M109.021485; PMID: 19509295
  • Li Y, Sun L, Zhang Y, Wang D, Wang F, Liang J, et al. The histone modifications governing TFF1 transcription mediated by estrogen receptor. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:13925 - 36; http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M111.223198; PMID: 21378170
  • Garcia-Bassets I, Kwon YS, Telese F, Prefontaine GG, Hutt KR, Cheng CS, et al. Histone methylation-dependent mechanisms impose ligand dependency for gene activation by nuclear receptors. Cell 2007; 128:505 - 18; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.038; PMID: 17289570
  • Wang J, Lu F, Ren Q, Sun H, Xu Z, Lan R, et al. Novel histone demethylase LSD1 inhibitors selectively target cancer cells with pluripotent stem cell properties. Cancer Res 2011; 71:7238 - 49; http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-0896; PMID: 21975933
  • Nair SS, Nair BC, Cortez V, Chakravarty D, Metzger E, Schüle R, et al. PELP1 is a reader of histone H3 methylation that facilitates oestrogen receptor-alpha target gene activation by regulating lysine demethylase 1 specificity. EMBO Rep 2010; 11:438 - 44; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/embor.2010.62; PMID: 20448663
  • Magnani L, Ballantyne EB, Zhang X, Lupien M. PBX1 genomic pioneer function drives ERα signaling underlying progression in breast cancer. PLoS Genet 2011; 7:e1002368; http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1002368; PMID: 22125492
  • Al-Dhaheri M, Wu J, Skliris GP, Li J, Higashimato K, Wang Y, et al. CARM1 is an important determinant of ERα-dependent breast cancer cell differentiation and proliferation in breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 2011; 71:2118 - 28; http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-2426; PMID: 21282336
  • Lee YH, Coonrod SA, Kraus WL, Jelinek MA, Stallcup MR. Regulation of coactivator complex assembly and function by protein arginine methylation and demethylimination. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:3611 - 6; http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0407159102; PMID: 15731352
  • Carascossa S, Dudek P, Cenni B, Briand PA, Picard D. CARM1 mediates the ligand-independent and tamoxifen-resistant activation of the estrogen receptor alpha by cAMP. Genes Dev 2010; 24:708 - 19; http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.568410; PMID: 20360387
  • Ceschin DG, Walia M, Wenk SS, Duboé C, Gaudon C, Xiao Y, et al. Methylation specifies distinct estrogen-induced binding site repertoires of CBP to chromatin. Genes Dev 2011; 25:1132 - 46; http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.619211; PMID: 21632823
  • Ansari KI, Kasiri S, Hussain I, Mandal SS. Mixed lineage leukemia histone methylases play critical roles in estrogen-mediated regulation of HOXC13. FEBS J 2009; 276:7400 - 11; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07453.x; PMID: 19922474
  • Re A, Aiello A, Nanni S, Grasselli A, Benvenuti V, Pantisano V, et al. Silencing of GSTP1, a prostate cancer prognostic gene, by the estrogen receptor-β and endothelial nitric oxide synthase complex. Mol Endocrinol 2011; 25:2003 - 16; http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/me.2011-1024; PMID: 22052999
  • Frasor J, Danes JM, Komm B, Chang KC, Lyttle CR, Katzenellenbogen BS. Profiling of estrogen up- and down-regulated gene expression in human breast cancer cells: insights into gene networks and pathways underlying estrogenic control of proliferation and cell phenotype. Endocrinology 2003; 144:4562 - 74; http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2003-0567; PMID: 12959972
  • Lin CY, Ström A, Vega VB, Kong SL, Yeo AL, Thomsen JS, et al. Discovery of estrogen receptor alpha target genes and response elements in breast tumor cells. Genome Biol 2004; 5:R66; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gb-2004-5-9-r66; PMID: 15345050
  • Doherty LF, Bromer JG, Zhou Y, Aldad TS, Taylor HS. In utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) or bisphenol-A (BPA) increases EZH2 expression in the mammary gland: an epigenetic mechanism linking endocrine disruptors to breast cancer. Horm Cancer 2010; 1:146 - 55; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12672-010-0015-9; PMID: 21761357
  • Hwang C, Giri VN, Wilkinson JC, Wright CW, Wilkinson AS, Cooney KA, et al. EZH2 regulates the transcription of estrogen-responsive genes through association with REA, an estrogen receptor corepressor. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2008; 107:235 - 42; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10549-007-9542-7; PMID: 17453341
  • Svotelis A, Bianco S, Madore J, Huppé G, Nordell-Markovits A, Mes-Masson AM, et al. H3K27 demethylation by JMJD3 at a poised enhancer of anti-apoptotic gene BCL2 determines ERα ligand dependency. EMBO J 2011; 30:3947 - 61; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/emboj.2011.284; PMID: 21841772
  • Bredfeldt TG, Greathouse KL, Safe SH, Hung MC, Bedford MT, Walker CL. Xenoestrogen-induced regulation of EZH2 and histone methylation via estrogen receptor signaling to PI3K/AKT. Mol Endocrinol 2010; 24:993 - 1006; http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/me.2009-0438; PMID: 20351197
  • Le Romancer M, Treilleux I, Leconte N, Robin-Lespinasse Y, Sentis S, Bouchekioua-Bouzaghou K, et al. Regulation of estrogen rapid signaling through arginine methylation by PRMT1. Mol Cell 2008; 31:212 - 21; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2008.05.025; PMID: 18657504
  • Leu YW, Yan PS, Fan M, Jin VX, Liu JC, Curran EM, et al. Loss of estrogen receptor signaling triggers epigenetic silencing of downstream targets in breast cancer. Cancer Res 2004; 64:8184 - 92; http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-2045; PMID: 15548683
  • Kutanzi KR, Koturbash I, Kovalchuk O. Reversibility of pre-malignant estrogen-induced epigenetic changes. Cell Cycle 2010; 9:3078 - 84; http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/cc.9.15.12516; PMID: 20699652
  • Cui M, Wen Z, Yang Z, Chen J, Wang F. Estrogen regulates DNA methyltransferase 3B expression in Ishikawa endometrial adenocarcinoma cells. Mol Biol Rep 2009; 36:2201 - 7; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11033-008-9435-9; PMID: 19107573
  • Sato K, Fukata H, Kogo Y, Ohgane J, Shiota K, Mori C. Neonatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol alters expression of DNA methyltransferases and methylation of genomic DNA in the mouse uterus. Endocr J 2009; 56:131 - 9; http://dx.doi.org/10.1507/endocrj.K08E-239; PMID: 18997445
  • Yamagata Y, Asada H, Tamura I, Lee L, Maekawa R, Taniguchi K, et al. DNA methyltransferase expression in the human endometrium: down-regulation by progesterone and estrogen. Hum Reprod 2009; 24:1126 - 32; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dep015; PMID: 19202141
  • Hervouet E, Debien E, Campion L, Charbord J, Menanteau J, Vallette FM, et al. Folate supplementation limits the aggressiveness of glioma via the remethylation of DNA repeats element and genes governing apoptosis and proliferation. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:3519 - 29; http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-2062; PMID: 19451595
  • Singh KP, Treas J, Tyagi T, Gao W. DNA demethylation by 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine treatment abrogates 17 beta-estradiol-induced cell growth and restores expression of DNA repair genes in human breast cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2012; 316:62 - 9; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2011.10.022; PMID: 22082530
  • Bromer JG, Zhou Y, Taylor MB, Doherty L, Taylor HS. Bisphenol-A exposure in utero leads to epigenetic alterations in the developmental programming of uterine estrogen response. FASEB J 2010; 24:2273 - 80; http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fj.09-140533; PMID: 20181937
  • Cheng AS, Culhane AC, Chan MW, Venkataramu CR, Ehrich M, Nasir A, et al. Epithelial progeny of estrogen-exposed breast progenitor cells display a cancer-like methylome. Cancer Res 2008; 68:1786 - 96; http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-5547; PMID: 18339859
  • Rüegg J, Cai W, Karimi M, Kiss NB, Swedenborg E, Larsson C, et al. Epigenetic regulation of glucose transporter 4 by estrogen receptor β. Mol Endocrinol 2011; 25:2017 - 28; http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/me.2011-1054; PMID: 22016564
  • Kovalchuk O, Tryndyak VP, Montgomery B, Boyko A, Kutanzi K, Zemp F, et al. Estrogen-induced rat breast carcinogenesis is characterized by alterations in DNA methylation, histone modifications and aberrant microRNA expression. Cell Cycle 2007; 6:2010 - 8; http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/cc.6.16.4549; PMID: 17700064
  • Starlard-Davenport A, Tryndyak VP, James SR, Karpf AR, Latendresse JR, Beland FA, et al. Mechanisms of epigenetic silencing of the Rassf1a gene during estrogen-induced breast carcinogenesis in ACI rats. Carcinogenesis 2010; 31:376 - 81; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgp304; PMID: 20008439
  • Rodriguez BA, Weng YI, Liu TM, Zuo T, Hsu PY, Lin CH, et al. Estrogen-mediated epigenetic repression of the imprinted gene cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1C in breast cancer cells. Carcinogenesis 2011; 32:812 - 21; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgr017; PMID: 21304052
  • Palijan A, Fernandes I, Verway M, Kourelis M, Bastien Y, Tavera-Mendoza LE, et al. Ligand-dependent corepressor LCoR is an attenuator of progesterone-regulated gene expression. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:30275 - 87; http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M109.051201; PMID: 19744932
  • Palijan A, Fernandes I, Bastien Y, Tang L, Verway M, Kourelis M, et al. Function of histone deacetylase 6 as a cofactor of nuclear receptor coregulator LCoR. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:30264 - 74; http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M109.045526; PMID: 19744931
  • Malik S, Jiang S, Garee JP, Verdin E, Lee AV, O’Malley BW, et al. Histone deacetylase 7 and FoxA1 in estrogen-mediated repression of RPRM. Mol Cell Biol 2010; 30:399 - 412; http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/MCB.00907-09; PMID: 19917725
  • Cuthbert GL, Daujat S, Snowden AW, Erdjument-Bromage H, Hagiwara T, Yamada M, et al. Histone deimination antagonizes arginine methylation. Cell 2004; 118:545 - 53; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2004.08.020; PMID: 15339660
  • Molli PR, Singh RR, Lee SW, Kumar R. MTA1-mediated transcriptional repression of BRCA1 tumor suppressor gene. Oncogene 2008; 27:1971 - 80; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1210839; PMID: 17922032
  • Wang C, Fan S, Li Z, Fu M, Rao M, Ma Y, et al. Cyclin D1 antagonizes BRCA1 repression of estrogen receptor alpha activity. Cancer Res 2005; 65:6557 - 67; http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-0486; PMID: 16061635
  • Ma Y, Fan S, Hu C, Meng Q, Fuqua SA, Pestell RG, et al. BRCA1 regulates acetylation and ubiquitination of estrogen receptor-alpha. Mol Endocrinol 2010; 24:76 - 90; http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/me.2009-0218; PMID: 19887647
  • Carroll JS, Liu XS, Brodsky AS, Li W, Meyer CA, Szary AJ, et al. Chromosome-wide mapping of estrogen receptor binding reveals long-range regulation requiring the forkhead protein FoxA1. Cell 2005; 122:33 - 43; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2005.05.008; PMID: 16009131
  • Welboren WJ, van Driel MA, Janssen-Megens EM, van Heeringen SJ, Sweep FC, Span PN, et al. ChIP-Seq of ERalpha and RNA polymerase II defines genes differentially responding to ligands. EMBO J 2009; 28:1418 - 28; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/emboj.2009.88; PMID: 19339991
  • Denis H, Deplus R, Putmans P, Yamada M, Métivier R, Fuks F. Functional connection between deimination and deacetylation of histones. Mol Cell Biol 2009; 29:4982 - 93; http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/MCB.00285-09; PMID: 19581286
  • Métivier R, Penot G, Hübner MR, Reid G, Brand H, Kos M, et al. Estrogen receptor-alpha directs ordered, cyclical, and combinatorial recruitment of cofactors on a natural target promoter. Cell 2003; 115:751 - 63; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00934-6; PMID: 14675539
  • Métivier R, Gallais R, Tiffoche C, Le Péron C, Jurkowska RZ, Carmouche RP, et al. Cyclical DNA methylation of a transcriptionally active promoter. Nature 2008; 452:45 - 50; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature06544; PMID: 18322525
  • Chen D, Lucey MJ, Phoenix F, Lopez-Garcia J, Hart SM, Losson R, et al. T:G mismatch-specific thymine-DNA glycosylase potentiates transcription of estrogen-regulated genes through direct interaction with estrogen receptor alpha. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:38586 - 92; http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M304286200; PMID: 12874288
  • Hervouet E, Vallette FM, Cartron PF. Dnmt1/Transcription factor interactions: an alternative mechanism of DNA methylation inheritance. Genes Cancer 2010; 1:434 - 43; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1947601910373794; PMID: 21779454
  • Hervouet E, Vallette FM, Cartron PF. Dnmt3/transcription factor interactions as crucial players in targeted DNA methylation. Epigenetics 2009; 4:487 - 99; http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/epi.4.7.9883; PMID: 19786833
  • Hsu PY, Hsu HK, Singer GA, Yan PS, Rodriguez BA, Liu JC, et al. Estrogen-mediated epigenetic repression of large chromosomal regions through DNA looping. Genome Res 2010; 20:733 - 44; http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gr.101923.109; PMID: 20442245