Advanced search
Publication Cover
New Zealand Veterinary Journal Volume 63, 2015 - Issue 1
Submit an article Journal homepage
3,772
Views
75
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review Articles

Positive animal welfare states and reference standards for welfare assessment

DJ MellorAnimal Welfare Science and Bioethics Centre, PN453, Massey University, Palmerston North4442, New ZealandCorrespondence[email protected]
Pages 17-23 | Received 06 Jun 2013, Accepted 14 May 2014, Published online: 18 Aug 2014

Citations (75)

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Subscribe to citation updates

Read on this site (8)

Madeleine L.H. Campbell. (2023) Ethical Justifications for the Use of Animals in Competitive Sport. Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 17:4, pages 403-421.
Read now
Elaine Cristina de Oliveira sans, Fabiano Dahlke, Juliana Freitas Federici, Frank Andre Maurice Tuyttens & Carla Forte Maiolino Molento. (2023) Welfare of broiler chickens in Brazilian free-range versus intensive indoor production systems. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science 26:4, pages 505-517.
Read now
Heather Browning. (2020) The Natural Behavior Debate: Two Conceptions of Animal Welfare. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science 23:3, pages 325-337.
Read now
DJ Mellor & M Burns. (2020) Using the Five Domains Model to develop welfare assessment guidelines for Thoroughbred horses in New Zealand. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 68:3, pages 150-156.
Read now
PH Hemsworth, DJ Mellor, GM Cronin & AJ Tilbrook. (2015) Scientific assessment of animal welfare. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 63:1, pages 24-30.
Read now
Kevin Stafford. (2015) Feature series: animal welfare: current issues and recent developments. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 63:1, pages 1-2.
Read now
DJ Mellor. (2015) Enhancing animal welfare by creating opportunities for positive affective engagement. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 63:1, pages 3-8.
Read now
Christine Rudd, Emma Pasiuk, Nichole Anderson, Nathan Hall, Robin Foster & Katy Schroeder. A Preliminary Assessment of Equine Affect in Equine-Assisted Services. Anthrozoös 0:0, pages 1-18.
Read now

Articles from other publishers (67)

Sarah Babington, Alan J. Tilbrook, Shane K. Maloney, Jill N. Fernandes, Tamsyn M. Crowley, Luoyang Ding, Archa H. Fox, Song Zhang, Elise A. Kho, Daniel Cozzolino, Timothy J. Mahony & Dominique Blache. (2024) Finding biomarkers of experience in animals. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 15:1.
Crossref
Katherine E. Littlewood, Morgan V. Heslop & Mia L. Cobb. (2023) The agency domain and behavioral interactions: assessing positive animal welfare using the Five Domains Model. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 10.
Crossref
Clifford Warwick, Anthony Pilny, Catrina Steedman & Rachel Grant. (2023) One health implications of fur farming. Frontiers in Animal Science 4.
Crossref
Maisy D. Englund & Katherine A. Cronin. (2023) Choice, control, and animal welfare: definitions and essential inquiries to advance animal welfare science. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 10.
Crossref
Erin Jones. (2023) Preparing Fearful Dogs for Vaccinations with Cooperative Care. Animal Behaviour and Welfare Cases.
Crossref
Erin Jones. (2023) Cooperative care for companion dogs: emotional health and wellness. Companion Animal 28:7, pages 1-6.
Crossref
Erin Jones. (2023) Cooperative care for companion dogs: emotional health and wellness. The Veterinary Nurse 14:5, pages 212-217.
Crossref
Marisa Spain, Cayle Pearson & Adam E. Rosenblatt. (2022) Social structure and habitat design affect the impact of a novel feeding enrichment for alligators. Zoo Biology 42:3, pages 383-389.
Crossref
Andrea M. Harvey, Ngaio J. Beausoleil, Daniel Ramp & David J. Mellor. (2023) Mental Experiences in Wild Animals: Scientifically Validating Measurable Welfare Indicators in Free-Roaming Horses. Animals 13:9, pages 1507.
Crossref
Anja Zollinger, Christa Wyss, Déborah Bardou & Iris Bachmann. (2023) Social Box: A New Housing System Increases Social Interactions among Stallions. Animals 13:8, pages 1408.
Crossref
Pavan Kumar, Muideen Adewale Ahmed, Abubakar Ahmed Abubakar, Muhammad Nizam Hayat, Ubedullah Kaka, Mokrish Ajat, Yong Meng Goh & Awis Qurni Sazili. (2023) Improving animal welfare status and meat quality through assessment of stress biomarkers: A critical review. Meat Science 197, pages 109048.
Crossref
Chanakarn Wongsaengchan, Dominic J McCafferty, Katie Lennox, Ruedi G Nager & Dorothy EF McKeegan. (2023) Non-invasive assessment of positive affective state using infra-red thermography in rats. Animal Welfare 32.
Crossref
Robert W. Mendyk & Lauren Augustine. 2023. Health and Welfare of Captive Reptiles. Health and Welfare of Captive Reptiles 323 355 .
Alan J. Franzluebbers & Guillaume Martin. (2022) Farming with forages can reconnect crop and livestock operations to enhance circularity and foster ecosystem services. Grass and Forage Science 77:4, pages 270-281.
Crossref
Saskia S. Arndt, Vivian C. Goerlich & F. Josef van der Staay. (2022) A dynamic concept of animal welfare: The role of appetitive and adverse internal and external factors and the animal’s ability to adapt to them. Frontiers in Animal Science 3.
Crossref
Leisha Hewitt & Alison Small. (2021) Welfare of Farmed Crocodilians: Identification of Potential Animal-Based Measures Using Elicitation of Expert Opinion. Animals 11:12, pages 3450.
Crossref
Elaine Cristina de Oliveira Sans, Frank André Maurice Tuyttens, Cesar Augusto Taconeli, Ana Silvia Pedrazzani, Marcos Martinez Vale & Carla Forte Maiolino Molento. (2021) From the Point of View of the Chickens: What Difference Does a Window Make?. Animals 11:12, pages 3397.
Crossref
S-K Kong, W Watson, KM Ho & MJ Farnworth. (2023) Cat management in an unregulated shelter environment: Relationship between care provision and cat health in Hong Kong. Animal Welfare 30:4, pages 449-459.
Crossref
Tatjana Hoehfurtner, Anna Wilkinson, Matthew Walker & Oliver H.P. Burman. (2021) Does enclosure size influence the behaviour & welfare of captive snakes (Pantherophis guttatus)?. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 243, pages 105435.
Crossref
Leonor Galhardo. (2021) My Fish and I: Human-Fish Interactions in the 21st Century. Journal of Applied Animal Ethics Research 3:2, pages 220-239.
Crossref
KA Fletcher, LJ Cameron & M Freeman. (2023) Contemplating the Five Domains model of animal welfare assessment: UK horse owner perceptions of equine well-being. Animal Welfare 30:3, pages 259-268.
Crossref
Juliette Schillings, Richard Bennett & David Christian Rose. (2021) Exploring the Potential of Precision Livestock Farming Technologies to Help Address Farm Animal Welfare. Frontiers in Animal Science 2.
Crossref
Heather Browning & Walter Veit. (2021) Freedom and Animal Welfare. Animals 11:4, pages 1148.
Crossref
Clifford Warwick & Catrina Steedman. (2021) Wildlife-pet markets in a one-health context. International Journal of One Health 7:1, pages 42-64.
Crossref
Clifford Warwick & Catrina Steedman. (2021) Regulating pets using an objective positive list approach. Journal of Veterinary Behavior 42, pages 53-63.
Crossref
Walter Veit & Heather Browning. (2020) Perspectival pluralism for animal welfare. European Journal for Philosophy of Science 11:1.
Crossref
Mark James Learmonth, Sally Sherwen & Paul H. Hemsworth. (2020) Assessing preferences of two zoo‐housed Aldabran giant tortoises ( Aldabrachelys gigantea ) for three stimuli using a novel preference test . Zoo Biology 40:2, pages 98-106.
Crossref
Rochelle Morton, Michelle L. Hebart, Rachel A. Ankeny & Alexandra L. Whittaker. (2020) Assessing the Uniformity in Australian Animal Protection Law: A Statutory Comparison. Animals 11:1, pages 35.
Crossref
David J. Mellor, Ngaio J. Beausoleil, Katherine E. Littlewood, Andrew N. McLean, Paul D. McGreevy, Bidda Jones & Cristina Wilkins. (2020) The 2020 Five Domains Model: Including Human–Animal Interactions in Assessments of Animal Welfare. Animals 10:10, pages 1870.
Crossref
Manisha Kolakshyapati, Peta Simone Taylor, Adam Hamlin, Terence Zimazile Sibanda, Jessica de Souza Vilela & Isabelle Ruhnke. (2020) Frequent Visits to an Outdoor Range and Lower Areas of an Aviary System Is Related to Curiosity in Commercial Free-Range Laying Hens. Animals 10:9, pages 1706.
Crossref
Paul H. Hemsworth & Lauren E. Edwards. (2020) Natural behaviours, their drivers and their implications for laying hen welfare. Animal Production Science 61:10, pages 915-930.
Crossref
David J. Mellor. (2020) Mouth Pain in Horses: Physiological Foundations, Behavioural Indices, Welfare Implications, and a Suggested Solution. Animals 10:4, pages 572.
Crossref
J. Michael Wilkinson, Michael R. F. Lee, M. Jordana Rivero & A. Thomas Chamberlain. (2019) Some challenges and opportunities for grazing dairy cows on temperate pastures. Grass and Forage Science 75:1, pages 1-17.
Crossref
Lisa B. Fijn, F. Josef van der Staay, Vivian C. Goerlich-Jansson & Saskia S. Arndt. (2020) Importance of Basic Research on the Causes of Feather Pecking in Relation to Welfare. Animals 10:2, pages 213.
Crossref
Paulin Jirkof, Juliane Rudeck & Lars Lewejohann. (2019) Assessing Affective State in Laboratory Rodents to Promote Animal Welfare—What Is the Progress in Applied Refinement Research?. Animals 9:12, pages 1026.
Crossref
W. R. Cook & M. Kibler. (2018) Behavioural assessment of pain in 66 horses, with and without a bit. Equine Veterinary Education 31:10, pages 551-560.
Crossref
Belinda Vigors & Alistair Lawrence. (2019) What Are the Positives? Exploring Positive Welfare Indicators in a Qualitative Interview Study with Livestock Farmers. Animals 9:9, pages 694.
Crossref
David J. Mellor. (2019) Welfare-aligned Sentience: Enhanced Capacities to Experience, Interact, Anticipate, Choose and Survive. Animals 9:7, pages 440.
Crossref
Fay E. Clark, Stuart I. Gray, Peter Bennett, Lucy J. Mason & Katy V. Burgess. (2019) High-Tech and Tactile: Cognitive Enrichment for Zoo-Housed Gorillas. Frontiers in Psychology 10.
Crossref
Mark James Learmonth. (2019) Dilemmas for Natural Living Concepts of Zoo Animal Welfare. Animals 9:6, pages 318.
Crossref
Michael P. Mcloughlin, Rebecca Stewart & Alan G. McElligott. (2019) Automated bioacoustics: methods in ecology and conservation and their potential for animal welfare monitoring. Journal of The Royal Society Interface 16:155, pages 20190225.
Crossref
Craig W. Tallentire, Sandra A. Edwards, Tommy Van Limbergen & Ilias Kyriazakis. (2018) The challenge of incorporating animal welfare in a social life cycle assessment model of European chicken production. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 24:6, pages 1093-1104.
Crossref
KA Cronin & SR Ross. (2023) Technical contribution: a cautionary note on the use of behavioural diversity (H-Index) in animal welfare science. Animal Welfare 28:2, pages 157-164.
Crossref
Belinda Vigors. (2019) Citizens’ and Farmers’ Framing of ‘Positive Animal Welfare’ and the Implications for Framing Positive Welfare in Communication. Animals 9:4, pages 147.
Crossref
Clifford Warwick, Phillip Arena & Catrina Steedman. (2019) Spatial considerations for captive snakes. Journal of Veterinary Behavior 30, pages 37-48.
Crossref
Robert Orr, Bruce Griffith, M. Rivero & Michael Lee. (2019) Livestock Performance for Sheep and Cattle Grazing Lowland Permanent Pasture: Benchmarking Potential of Forage-Based Systems. Agronomy 9:2, pages 101.
Crossref
T Christensen, S Denver & P Sandøe. (2023) How best to improve farm animal welfare? Four main approaches viewed from an economic perspective. Animal Welfare 28:1, pages 95-106.
Crossref
B Franks. (2023) What do animals want?. Animal Welfare 28:1, pages 1-10.
Crossref
Linda Greening. 2019. Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior. Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior 141 146 .
Jamie Ahloy-Dallaire, Julia Espinosa & Georgia Mason. (2018) Play and optimal welfare: Does play indicate the presence of positive affective states?. Behavioural Processes 156, pages 3-15.
Crossref
Priscilla Regina Tamioso, Carla Forte Maiolino Molento, Xavier Boivin, Hervé Chandèze, Stéphane Andanson, Éric Delval, Dominique Hazard, Guilherme Parreira da Silva, Cesar Augusto Taconeli & Alain Boissy. (2018) Inducing positive emotions: Behavioural and cardiac responses to human and brushing in ewes selected for high vs low social reactivity. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 208, pages 56-65.
Crossref
Sally Sherwen, Lauren Hemsworth, Ngaio Beausoleil, Amanda Embury & David Mellor. (2018) An Animal Welfare Risk Assessment Process for Zoos. Animals 8:8, pages 130.
Crossref
Clifford Warwick, Mike Jessop, Phillip Arena, Anthony Pilny & Catrina Steedman. (2018) Guidelines for Inspection of Companion and Commercial Animal Establishments. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 5.
Crossref
Sarah Wolfensohn, Justine Shotton, Hannah Bowley, Siân Davies, Sarah Thompson & William Justice. (2018) Assessment of Welfare in Zoo Animals: Towards Optimum Quality of Life. Animals 8:7, pages 110.
Crossref
Rebecca Ledger & David Mellor. (2018) Forensic Use of the Five Domains Model for Assessing Suffering in Cases of Animal Cruelty. Animals 8:7, pages 101.
Crossref
Courtney Graham, Marina A.G. von Keyserlingk & Becca Franks. (2018) Zebrafish welfare: Natural history, social motivation and behaviour. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 200, pages 13-22.
Crossref
A. J. Tilbrook & C. R. Ralph. (2018) Hormones, stress and the welfare of animals. Animal Production Science 58:3, pages 408.
Crossref
David Mellor. (2017) Operational Details of the Five Domains Model and Its Key Applications to the Assessment and Management of Animal Welfare. Animals 7:12, pages 60.
Crossref
David Mellor & Ngaio Beausoleil. (2017) Equine Welfare during Exercise: An Evaluation of Breathing, Breathlessness and Bridles. Animals 7:12, pages 41.
Crossref
A. J. Tilbrook & C. R. Ralph. (2017) Neurophysiological assessment of animal welfare. Animal Production Science 57:12, pages 2370.
Crossref
David Mellor. (2016) Moving beyond the “Five Freedoms” by Updating the “Five Provisions” and Introducing Aligned “Animal Welfare Aims”. Animals 6:10, pages 59.
Crossref
Katherine Littlewood & David Mellor. (2016) Changes in the Welfare of an Injured Working Farm Dog Assessed Using the Five Domains Model. Animals 6:9, pages 58.
Crossref
Katherine A. Cronin, Victoria West & Stephen R. Ross. (2016) Investigating the relationship between welfare and rearing young in captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Applied Animal Behaviour Science 181, pages 166-172.
Crossref
Sanne Roelofs, Hetty Boleij, Rebecca E. Nordquist & Franz Josef van der Staay. (2016) Making Decisions under Ambiguity: Judgment Bias Tasks for Assessing Emotional State in Animals. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience 10.
Crossref
David Mellor. (2016) Updating Animal Welfare Thinking: Moving beyond the “Five Freedoms” towards “A Life Worth Living”. Animals 6:3, pages 21.
Crossref
Cristina Biolatti, Paola Modesto, Daniela Dezzutto, Francesca Pera, Martina Tarantola, Maria Silvia Gennero, Cristiana Maurella & Pier Luigi Acutis. (2016) Behavioural analysis of captive tigers (Panthera tigris): A water pool makes the difference. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 174, pages 173-180.
Crossref
DJ Mellor & NJ Beausoleil. (2023) Extending the ‘Five Domains’ model for animal welfare assessment to incorporate positive welfare states. Animal Welfare 24:3, pages 241-253.
Crossref

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.