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Leisure Sciences
An Interdisciplinary Journal
Volume 29, 2007 - Issue 3
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Original Articles

Constraints to Outdoor Recreation: A Multiple Hierarchy Stratification Perspective

, &
Pages 227-246 | Received 20 Sep 2005, Accepted 24 Aug 2006, Published online: 17 Apr 2007

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Read on this site (56)

Steven E. Mock, David W. Drewery, Lindsay Kalbfleisch, Alex T. Silver & Kai Jiang. (2023) How socioeconomic status shapes the association of social leisure with well-being. Journal of Leisure Research 0:0, pages 1-18.
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Jaclyn R. Rushing, Ashley D’Antonio & Mark D. Needham. (2022) Spatial Patterns of Constraints to Park Visitation among Urban Populations. Leisure Sciences 44:8, pages 1033-1059.
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Yi Chien Jade Ho & David Chang. (2022) To whom does this place belong? Whiteness and diversity in outdoor recreation and education. Annals of Leisure Research 25:5, pages 569-582.
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Dina Izenstark, Kimberly A. Crossman & Ellen Middaugh. (2022) Examining family-based nature activities among Latinx students: contexts for reinforcing family relationships and cultural heritage. Annals of Leisure Research 25:4, pages 451-471.
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Mandi Baker, Neil Carr & Emma Stewart. (2022) Introduction to special issue on being outdoors: challenging and celebrating diverse outdoor leisure embodiments and experiences. Annals of Leisure Research 25:3, pages 305-313.
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Xiao Xiao, KangJae Jerry Lee & Lincoln R. Larson. (2022) Who visits U.S. national parks (and who doesn’t)? A national study of perceived constraints and vacation preferences across diverse populations. Journal of Leisure Research 53:3, pages 404-425.
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Andrea Armstrong & Brian T. Greene. (2022) Sense of Inclusion and Race in a Public, Outdoor Recreation Setting: Do Place Meanings Matter?. Society & Natural Resources 35:4, pages 391-409.
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Eileen E. Avery, Michele D. Baumer, Joan M. Hermsen, Braden T. Leap, Jill R. Lucht, J. Sanford Rikoon & Sonja A. Wilhelm Stanis. (2022) Measuring place of residence across urban and rural spaces: An application to fears associated with outdoor recreation. The Social Science Journal 59:2, pages 208-220.
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Audrey K. Vaughn, M. Nils Peterson, William R. Casola, Kathryn T. Stevenson & Lara B. Pacifici. (2022) Using the Implicit Association Test to Evaluate Subconscious Attitudes Toward Snakes. Anthrozoös 35:2, pages 293-306.
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Ruolin E. Miao & Nicolette L. Cagle. (2020) The role of gender, race, and ethnicity in environmental identity development in undergraduate student narratives. Environmental Education Research 26:2, pages 171-188.
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Harrison P. Pinckney, Aishia Brown, Aby Senè-Harper & KangJae Jerry Lee. (2019) A case for Race scholarship: A research note. Journal of Leisure Research 50:4, pages 350-358.
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Rizwan Laar, Jianhua Zhang, Tianran Yu, Huanhuan Qi & Muhammad Azeem Ashraf. (2019) Constraints to women’s participation in sports: a study of participation of Pakistani female students in physical activities. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics 11:3, pages 385-397.
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TA Loeffler. (2019) Looking back, paddling forward: perspectives on outdoor expedition participation over the lifespan. Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning 19:2, pages 111-123.
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J. Tom Mueller, Adam C. Landon & Alan R. Graefe. (2019) Modeling the role of social identity in constraint negotiation for ultra-endurance gravel cycling. Journal of Leisure Research 50:2, pages 81-106.
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Chris A. B. Zajchowski, Matthew T. J. Brownlee, Michael Blacketer, Jeff Rose, Danya L. Rumore, Jason Watson & Daniel L. Dustin. (2019) “Can you take me higher?”: Normative thresholds for air quality in the Salt Lake City Metropolitan area. Journal of Leisure Research 50:2, pages 157-180.
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Suiwen (Sharon) Zou & David Scott. (2018) Constraints to Pickup Basketball Participation among Chinese American Women. Leisure Sciences 40:5, pages 307-325.
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Eric K. Layland, Garrett A. Stone, J. Tom Mueller & Camilla J. Hodge. (2018) Injustice in Mobile Leisure: A Conceptual Exploration of Pokémon Go. Leisure Sciences 40:4, pages 288-306.
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Monika Stodolska. (2018) Research on Race, Ethnicity, Immigration, and Leisure: Have We Missed the Boat?. Leisure Sciences 40:1-2, pages 43-53.
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Garrett A. Stone, Ryan J. Gagnon, Barry A. Garst & Harrison P. Pinckney. (2018) Interpreting perceived constraints to ethnic and racial recreation participation using a recreation systems approach. Loisir et Société / Society and Leisure 41:1, pages 154-170.
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Kiboum Kim, Junhyoung Kim, Alison Voight & Minjoon Ji. (2018) Listening to the screaming whisper: a voice of mother caregivers of children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being 13:1.
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Kostas Alexandris, James Du, Daniel Funk & Nicholas D. Theodorakis. (2017) Leisure constraints and the psychological continuum model: a study among recreational mountain skiers. Leisure Studies 36:5, pages 670-683.
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Ineke Deelen, Dick Ettema & Martin Dijst. (2016) Too busy or too far away? The importance of subjective constraints and spatial factors for sports frequency. Managing Sport and Leisure 21:4, pages 239-264.
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KangJae Jerry Lee, David Scott, Myron F. Floyd & Michael B. Edwards. (2016) Social Stratification in Fishing Participation in the United States. Journal of Leisure Research 48:3, pages 245-263.
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Wee-Kheng Tan & Chia-Yu Kuo. (2014) Prioritization of Facilitation Strategies of Park and Recreation Agencies Through DEMATEL Analysis. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 19:8, pages 859-875.
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Soyoung Boo, Cynthia P. Carruthers & James A. Busser. (2014) The Constraints Experienced and Negotiation Strategies Attempted by Nonparticipants of a Festival Event. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing 31:2, pages 269-285.
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Catherine Bachleda, Ahlam Fakhar, Salma Slimani & Wafa Elgarah. (2014) The outdoor leisure behaviour of Moroccan public sector workers. Leisure/Loisir 38:1, pages 53-72.
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Dino Zanon, Chris Doucouliagos, John Hall & Leonie Lockstone-Binney. (2013) Constraints to Park Visitation: A Meta-Analysis of North American Studies. Leisure Sciences 35:5, pages 475-493.
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Wan Rabiah Wan Omar, Ian Patterson & Shane Pegg. (2013) Using a Health Belief Model to investigate the walking behaviour of residents living in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Annals of Leisure Research 16:1, pages 16-38.
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Michelle Gacio Harrolle, Myron F. Floyd, Jonathan M. Casper, Katharine E. Kelley & Candice M. Bruton. (2013) Physical Activity Constraints among Latinos. Journal of Leisure Research 45:1, pages 74-90.
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Arianne Carvalhedo Reis, Anna Thompson-Carr & Brent Lovelock. (2012) Parks and families: addressing management facilitators and constraints to outdoor recreation participation. Annals of Leisure Research 15:4, pages 315-334.
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Brent Lovelock, Kirsten Lovelock, Carla Jellum & Anna Thompson. (2012) Immigrants’ experiences of nature-based recreation in New Zealand. Annals of Leisure Research 15:3, pages 204-226.
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Kirsten Lovelock, Brent Lovelock, Carla Jellum & Anna Thompson. (2011) In search of belonging: immigrant experiences of outdoor nature-based settings in New Zealand. Leisure Studies 30:4, pages 513-529.
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KangJae Jerry Lee & David Scott. (2011) Participation in Wildlife Watching: A Multiple Hierarchy Stratification Perspective. Human Dimensions of Wildlife 16:5, pages 330-344.
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Stephen Espiner, Bob Gidlow & Grant Cushman. (2011) Outdoor recreation and gendered space: the case of men's enthusiasms for hunting, fly-fishing and scuba diving. Annals of Leisure Research 14:2-3, pages 176-193.
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JonathanM. Casper, JasonN. Bocarro, MichaelA. Kanters & MyronF. Floyd. (2011) Measurement Properties of Constraints to Sport Participation: A Psychometric Examination with Adolescents. Leisure Sciences 33:2, pages 127-146.
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SonjaA. Wilhelm Stanis, IngridE. Schneider & KeithC. Russell. (2009) Leisure Time Physical Activity of Park Visitors: Retesting Constraint Models in Adoption and Maintenance Stages. Leisure Sciences 31:3, pages 287-304.
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