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Journal of Psychoactive Drugs Volume 44, 2012 - Issue 5
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Original Articles

Neuroenhancement Among German University Students: Motives, Expectations, and Relationship with Psychoactive Lifestyle Drugs

Patrick Eickenhorst Institute of Occupational Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Free University and Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
,
Karin Vitzthum M.Sc.Ph.D. Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
,
Burghard F. Klapp M.D.Ph.D. Department of Medicine/Psychosomatics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Free University and Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
,
David Groneberg M.D.Ph.D. Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
&
Stefanie Mache M.Sc.Ph.D. Institute of Occupational Medicine and Department of Medicine/Psychosomatics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Free University and Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyCorrespondence[email protected]
Pages 418-427 | Published online: 06 Dec 2012

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Ana Sousa & Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira. (2020) Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic of the cognitive enhancer modafinil: Relevant clinical and forensic aspects. Substance Abuse 41:2, pages 155-173.
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Jeanett Bjønness. (2019) Gendered aspects of Danish students’ non-medical use of prescription pharmaceuticals for enhancement purposes in the ‘performance society’. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy 26:4, pages 309-318.
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Alice Steward & Martyn Pickersgill. (2019) Developing expertise, customising sleep, enhancing study practices: exploring the legitimisation of modafinil use within the accounts of UK undergraduate students. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy 26:4, pages 347-355.
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Articles from other publishers (46)

Wolfgang Schulz, Emilie Wolter & Ann-Katrin Job. (2024) Pharmakologisches Neuroenhancement unter jungen Erwachsenen: Ergebnisse einer Längsschnittstudie zur Verbreitung und zu Risiko- und Schutzfaktoren. Suchttherapie 25:02, pages 99-108.
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Eisuke Nakazawa, Katsumi Mori, Makoto Udagawa & Akira Akabayashi. (2022) A Cross-Sectional Study of Attitudes toward Willingness to Use Enhancement Technologies: Implications for Technology Regulation and Ethics. BioTech 11:3, pages 21.
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S. Dockray, E. Whelan, S. Dick, M. Davoren, C. Heavin, C. Linehan & M. Byrne. (2022) What motivates students to decrease or cease substance use?: A scoping review. Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine, pages 1-6.
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Philipp Dominik, Martin P. Waßmer, Michael Soyka & Andreas G. Franke. (2021) Forensische und strafrechtliche Konsequenzen des Missbrauchs von Stimulanzien. Nervenheilkunde 40:08, pages 615-622.
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Irina Brumboiu, Alessandro Porrovecchio, Thierry Peze, Remy Hurdiel, Irina Cazacu, Cristina Mogosan, Joel Ladner & Marie-Pierre Tavolacci. (2021) Neuroenhancement in French and Romanian University Students, Motivations and Associated Factors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18:8, pages 3880.
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Ngoc Trai Nguyen, Tim Rakow, Benjamin Gardner & Eleanor J. Dommett. (2021) Understanding the relationship between safety beliefs and knowledge for cognitive enhancers in UK university students. PLOS ONE 16:1, pages e0244865.
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O.V. Rychkova. (2021) Smart drugs are as a dangerous model of psychoactive substance use. Journal of Modern Foreign Psychology Современная зарубежная психология 10:2, pages 44-54.
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Ove Heradstveit, Jens Christoffer Skogen, Marit Edland-Gryt, Morten Hesse, Lotte Vallentin-Holbech, Kari-Jussie Lønning & Børge Sivertsen. (2020) Self-Reported Illicit Drug Use Among Norwegian University and College Students. Associations With Age, Gender, and Geography. Frontiers in Psychiatry 11.
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Aakash A. Dave & Laura Y. Cabrera. (2020) Osteopathic Medical Students’ Attitudes Towards Different Modalities of Neuroenhancement: a Pilot Study. Journal of Cognitive Enhancement 4:4, pages 422-433.
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Markus Schäfer. (2019) Pharmakologisches Neuroenhancement in Deutschland. Suchttherapie 21:03, pages 148-156.
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Laura Y. Cabrera & Karen Herrera-Ferrá. (2019) ¿Neuroensanchamiento?: Concepts and Perspectives About Neuroenhancement in the Hispanic Literature. Journal of Cognitive Enhancement 4:1, pages 82-93.
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Leonard Viohl, Felicitas Ernst, Julian Gabrysch, Moritz B. Petzold, Stephan Köhler, Andreas Ströhle & Felix Betzler. (2019) ‘Higher education’ – substance use among Berlin college students. European Journal of Neuroscience 50:3, pages 2526-2537.
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Margit Anne Petersen, Oskar Enghoff & Jakob Demant. (2019) The uncertainties of enhancement. Performance Enhancement & Health 6:3-4, pages 111-120.
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Jacqueline Champagne, Benjamin Gardner & Eleanor J Dommett. (2019) Modelling predictors of UK undergraduates’ attitudes towards smart drugs. Trends in Neuroscience and Education 14, pages 33-39.
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Christiana Bagusat, Angela Kunzler, Jennifer Schlecht, Andreas G. Franke, Andrea Chmitorz & Klaus Lieb. (2018) Pharmacological neuroenhancement and the ability to recover from stress – a representative cross-sectional survey among the German population. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy 13:1.
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Ashley R. Bullard. (2018) Neither Licit nor Illicit. Contemporary Drug Problems 45:3, pages 262-282.
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Larissa J. Maier, Jason A. Ferris & Adam R. Winstock. (2018) Pharmacological cognitive enhancement among non-ADHD individuals—A cross-sectional study in 15 countries. International Journal of Drug Policy 58, pages 104-112.
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Anna Wexler. (2017) Who Uses Direct-to-Consumer Brain Stimulation Products, and Why? A Study of Home Users of tDCS Devices. Journal of Cognitive Enhancement 2:1, pages 114-134.
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Christopher Riddell, Charmaine Jensen & Olivia Carter. (2017) Cognitive Enhancement and Coping in an Australian University Student Sample. Journal of Cognitive Enhancement 2:1, pages 63-69.
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Ryan Tan & Ken Lukowiak. (2018) Combining Factors That Individually Enhance Memory in Lymnaea . The Biological Bulletin 234:1, pages 37-44.
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Aiste Lengvenyte, Robertas Strumila & Jurgita Grikiniene. (2017) Use of cognitive enhancers among medical students in Lithuania. Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 33:2, pages 173-188.
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Guillaume Fond, Martine Gavaret, Christophe Vidal, Lore Brunel, Jean-Pierre Riveline, Jean-Arthur Micoulaud-Franchi & Philippe Domenech. (2016) (Mis)use of Prescribed Stimulants in the Medical Student Community. Medicine 95:16, pages e3366.
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Larissa J. Maier, Severin Haug & Michael P. Schaub. (2016) Prevalence of and motives for pharmacological neuroenhancement in Switzerland-results from a national internet panel. Addiction 111:2, pages 280-295.
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