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Original Articles

Test format and corrective feedback modify the effect of testing on long-term retention

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Pages 528-558 | Published online: 02 Jul 2007

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (55)

Judith M. Brenner, Tracy B. Fulton, Marieke Kruidering, Jeffrey B. Bird, Joanne Willey, Kelli Qua & Doreen M. Olvet. (2023) What have we learned about constructed response short-answer questions from students and faculty? A multi-institutional study. Medical Teacher 0:0, pages 1-10.
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Joshua D. Walker & Daniel H. Robinson. (2023) Does Two-Stage Testing Promote Long-Term Individual Learning?. The Journal of Experimental Education 91:3, pages 431-449.
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Jiaxin Li, Er-Hu Zhang, Haihui Zhang, Xinyi He, Defeng Li & Hong-Wen Cao. (2023) Neural correlates of retrieval practice on the learning and memory retention of L3 French vocabulary. International Journal of Multilingualism 0:0, pages 1-17.
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Jiaxin Li, Er-Hu Zhang, Haihui Zhang, Hecui Gou & Hong-Wen Cao. (2022) Retrieval practice plus feedback benefits a third language vocabulary learning. International Journal of Multilingualism 0:0, pages 1-20.
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Sven Greving & Tobias Richter. (2022) Practicing retrieval in university teaching: short-answer questions are beneficial, whereas multiple-choice questions are not. Journal of Cognitive Psychology 34:5, pages 657-674.
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Ruth A. Shaffer & Kathleen B. McDermott. (2022) The dual-process perspective and the benefits of retrieval practice in younger and older adults. Memory 30:5, pages 554-572.
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Amy A. Overman, Joseph D. W. Stephens & Mary F. Bernhardt. (2021) Enhanced memory for context associated with corrective feedback: evidence for episodic processes in errorful learning. Memory 29:8, pages 1017-1042.
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Lin Guo. (2021) Effects of the initial test interval and feedback timing on L2 vocabulary retention. The Language Learning Journal 49:3, pages 382-398.
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Samantha E. A. Gregory, Naomi E. Winstone, Nathan Ridout & Robert A. Nash. (2020) Weak memory for future-oriented feedback: investigating the roles of attention and improvement focus. Memory 28:2, pages 216-236.
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Julian Roelle, Detlev Roelle & Kirsten Berthold. (2019) Test-Based Learning: Inconsistent Effects Between Higher- and Lower-Level Test Questions. The Journal of Experimental Education 87:2, pages 299-313.
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Yoonhee Jang & Elaine Marshall. (2018) The Effect of Type of Feedback in Multiple-Choice Testing on Long-Term Retention. The Journal of General Psychology 145:2, pages 107-119.
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Lauren Griffiths & Philip A. Higham. (2018) Beyond hypercorrection: remembering corrective feedback for low-confidence errors. Memory 26:2, pages 201-218.
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Kit W. Cho, James H. Neely, Stephanie Crocco & Deana Vitrano. (2017) Testing enhances both encoding and retrieval for both tested and untested items. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 70:7, pages 1211-1235.
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Tova Stenlund, Fredrik U. Jönsson & Bert Jonsson. (2017) Group discussions and test-enhanced learning: individual learning outcomes and personality characteristics. Educational Psychology 37:2, pages 145-156.
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Tova Stenlund, Anna Sundström & Bert Jonsson. (2016) Effects of repeated testing on short- and long-term memory performance across different test formats. Educational Psychology 36:10, pages 1710-1727.
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Bert Jonsson, Yagmur C. Kulaksiz & Johan Lithner. (2016) Creative and algorithmic mathematical reasoning: effects of transfer-appropriate processing and effortful struggle. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology 47:8, pages 1206-1225.
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Nicole M. Dudukovic, Jackie L. Gottshall, Patricia A. Cavanaugh & Christine T. Moody. (2015) Diminished testing benefits in young adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Memory 23:8, pages 1264-1276.
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Mary T. Veltre, Kit W. Cho & James H. Neely. (2015) Transfer-appropriate processing in the testing effect. Memory 23:8, pages 1229-1237.
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Anthony J. Bishara & Lauren A. Lanzo. (2015) All of the above: When multiple correct response options enhance the testing effect. Memory 23:7, pages 1013-1028.
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Carmen M. P. Damhuis, Eliane Segers & Ludo Verhoeven. (2015) Stimulating breadth and depth of vocabulary via repeated storybook readings or tests. School Effectiveness and School Improvement 26:3, pages 382-396.
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Linda A. Henkel. (2014) The Retrieval Context of Intervening Tasks Influences Subsequent Memory in Younger and Older Adults. Experimental Aging Research 40:5, pages 555-577.
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Megan A. Smith & Jeffrey D. Karpicke. (2014) Retrieval practice with short-answer, multiple-choice, and hybrid tests. Memory 22:7, pages 784-802.
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Kim J.H. Dirkx, Liesbeth Kester & Paul A. Kirschner. (2014) The Testing Effect for Learning Principles and Procedures from Texts. The Journal of Educational Research 107:5, pages 357-364.
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Karen L. Middleton & Karen A. Loveland. (2014) Assurance of Learning and the MFT: Closing the Loops With an Online Review. Journal of Education for Business 89:3, pages 126-132.
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Yvonne Rogalski, Lori J. P. Altmann & John C. Rosenbek. (2014) Retrieval practice and testing improve memory in older adults. Aphasiology 28:4, pages 381-400.
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JohnF. Nestojko, JasonR. Finley & HenryL. Roediger$suffix/text()$suffix/text(). (2013) Extending Cognition to External Agents. Psychological Inquiry 24:4, pages 321-325.
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Betsy Sparrow & Ljubica Chatman. (2013) Social Cognition in the Internet Age: Same As It Ever Was?. Psychological Inquiry 24:4, pages 273-292.
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Matthew R. Erdman & Jason C. K. Chan. (2013) Providing corrective feedback during retrieval practice does not increase retrieval-induced forgetting. Journal of Cognitive Psychology 25:6, pages 692-703.
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ElizabethJ. Marsh, LisaK. Fazio & AnnaE. Goswick. (2012) Memorial consequences of testing school-aged children. Memory 20:8, pages 899-906.
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Erica L. Middleton & Myrna F. Schwartz. (2012) Errorless learning in cognitive rehabilitation: A critical review. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation 22:2, pages 138-168.
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Jerrold E. Barnett & Alisha L. Francis. (2012) Using higher order thinking questions to foster critical thinking: a classroom study. Educational Psychology 32:2, pages 201-211.
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PoojaK. Agarwal & HenryL. Roediger$suffix/text()$suffix/text(). (2011) Expectancy of an open-book test decreases performance on a delayed closed-book test. Memory 19:8, pages 836-852.
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AmandaE. Sensenig, MeganK. Littrell-Baez & EdwardL. DeLosh. (2011) Testing effects for common versus proper names. Memory 19:6, pages 664-673.
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ScottR. Hinze & Jennifer Wiley. (2011) Testing the limits of testing effects using completion tests. Memory 19:3, pages 290-304.
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LisaK. Fazio, BarbieJ. Huelser, Aaron Johnson & ElizabethJ. Marsh. (2010) Receiving right/wrong feedback: Consequences for learning. Memory 18:3, pages 335-350.
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Chun‐Yen Chang, Ting‐Kuang Yeh & JamesP. Barufaldi. (2010) The Positive and Negative Effects of Science Concept Tests on Student Conceptual Understanding. International Journal of Science Education 32:2, pages 265-282.
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Jacquelyn Cranney, Mihyun Ahn, Rachel McKinnon, Sue Morris & Kaaren Watts. (2009) The testing effect, collaborative learning, and retrieval-induced facilitation in a classroom setting. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology 21:6, pages 919-940.
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MichaelT. Miesner & RuthH. Maki. (2007) The role of test anxiety in absolute and relative metacomprehension accuracy. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology 19:4-5, pages 650-670.
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WilliamL. Kelemen, RobertG. Winningham & CharlesA. Weaver$suffix/text()$suffix/text(). (2007) Repeated testing sessions and scholastic aptitude in college students’ metacognitive accuracy. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology 19:4-5, pages 689-717.
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MarkA. McDaniel, JanisL. Anderson, MaryH. Derbish & Nova Morrisette. (2007) Testing the testing effect in the classroom. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology 19:4-5, pages 494-513.
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AndrewC. Butler & HenryL. Roediger$suffix/text()$suffix/text(). (2007) Testing improves long-term retention in a simulated classroom setting. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology 19:4-5, pages 514-527.
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KatherineA. Rawson & John Dunlosky. (2007) Improving students’ self-evaluation of learning for key concepts in textbook materials. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology 19:4-5, pages 559-579.
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