4,793
Views
241
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original

A systematic review of the Tardieu Scale for the measurement of spasticity

, &
Pages 899-907 | Accepted 01 Oct 2005, Published online: 07 Jul 2009

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (28)

Christa M. Diot, Robyn L. Thomas, Liliane Raess, James G. Wrightson & Elizabeth G. Condliffe. (2023) Robotic lower extremity exoskeleton use in a non-ambulatory child with cerebral palsy: a case study. Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology 18:5, pages 497-501.
Read now
Marta Fernandez-Lobera, Merche Morales & Josep Valls-Solé. (2022) Repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation for the assessment of wrist spasticity: reliability, validation and correlation with clinical measures. Disability and Rehabilitation 44:18, pages 5257-5267.
Read now
Saleh M. Aloraini, Emtenan Y. Alyosuf, Lamya I. Aloraini & Mishal M. Aldaihan. (2022) Assessment of spasticity: an overview of systematic reviews. Physical Therapy Reviews 27:4, pages 290-303.
Read now
Nihan Abidin, Ece Ünlü Akyüz, Damla Cankurtaran, Özgür Zeliha Karaahmet & Nihal Tezel. (2022) The effect of robotic rehabilitation on posture and trunk control in non-ambulatory cerebral palsy. Assistive Technology 0:0, pages 1-7.
Read now
Siri Merete Brændvik$suffix/text()$suffix/text(), Areej I Elkamil$suffix/text()$suffix/text(), Sandra Linnea Klund-Hansen$suffix/text()$suffix/text() & Karin Roeleveld$suffix/text()$suffix/text(). (2020) Physiological responses during clinical spasticity evaluation in elbow flexors in children with cerebral palsy. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice 36:6, pages 691-700.
Read now
Rosa Cabanas-Valdés, Jordi Calvo-Sanz, Gerard Urrùtia, Pol Serra-Llobet, Albert Pérez-Bellmunt & Ana Germán-Romero. (2020) The effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy to reduce lower limb spasticity in stroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation 27:2, pages 137-157.
Read now
Kevin Pritchard, Jessica Edelstein, Elizabeth Zubrenic, Lea Tsao, Kelsey Pustina, Mark Berendsen & Eileen Wafford. (2019) Systematic review of orthoses for stroke-induced upper extremity deficits. Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation 26:5, pages 389-398.
Read now
Susan Louisa Morris & Gavin Williams. (2018) A historical review of the evolution of the Tardieu Scale. Brain Injury 32:5, pages 665-669.
Read now
Praline Choolun, Suzanne Kuys & Leanne Bisset. (2018) Tracking changes in glenohumeral joint position in acute post-stroke hemiparetic patients: an observational study. Disability and Rehabilitation 40:3, pages 259-266.
Read now
Shiho Mizuno, Shigeru Sonoda, Kotaro Takeda & Shinichiro Maeshima. (2017) Effect of muscle tone on ankle kinetics during gait with ankle-foot orthoses in persons with stroke. Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation 24:8, pages 567-572.
Read now
Roslyn Ward, Jess E. Reynolds, Natasha Bear, Catherine Elliott & Jane Valentine. (2017) What is the evidence for managing tone in young children with, or at risk of developing, cerebral palsy: a systematic review. Disability and Rehabilitation 39:7, pages 619-630.
Read now
Megan Banky, Hannah K. Ryan, Ross Clark, John Olver & Gavin Williams. (2017) Do clinical tests of spasticity accurately reflect muscle function during walking: A systematic review. Brain Injury 31:4, pages 440-455.
Read now
Saleh M. Aloraini, Johan Gäverth, Ellen Yeung & Marilyn MacKay-Lyons. (2015) Assessment of spasticity after stroke using clinical measures: a systematic review. Disability and Rehabilitation 37:25, pages 2313-2323.
Read now
Rafael Arroyo, Mariona Massana & Carlos Vila. (2013) Correlation between spasticity and quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis: the CANDLE study. International Journal of Neuroscience 123:12, pages 850-858.
Read now
Laura Wheatley-Smith, Siobhan McGuinness, F. Colin Wilson, Gareth Scott, John McCann & Sheena Caldwell. (2013) Intensive physiotherapy for vegetative and minimally conscious state patients: a retrospective audit and analysis of therapy intervention. Disability and Rehabilitation 35:12, pages 1006-1014.
Read now
Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari, Soofia Naghdi, Scott Hasson, Maryam Rastgoo, Malek Amini & Bijan Forogh. (2013) Clinical assessment of ankle plantarflexor spasticity in adult patients after stroke: Inter-and intra-rater reliability of the Modified Tardieu Scale. Brain Injury 27:5, pages 605-612.
Read now
Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari, Soofia Naghdi, Bijan Forogh, Scott Hasson, Mitra Atashband & Elham Lashgari. (2012) Development of the Persian version of the Modified Modified Ashworth Scale: translation, adaptation, and examination of interrater and intrarater reliability in patients with poststroke elbow flexor spasticity. Disability and Rehabilitation 34:21, pages 1843-1847.
Read now
Gemma Kitsos, Dawn Harris, Michael Pollack & Isobel J. Hubbard. (2011) Assessments in Australian stroke rehabilitation units: a systematic review of the post-stroke validity of the most frequently used. Disability and Rehabilitation 33:25-26, pages 2620-2632.
Read now
Soofia Naghdi, Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari, Korosh Mansouri & Scott Hasson. (2010) A neurophysiological and clinical study of Brunnstrom recovery stages in the upper limb following stroke. Brain Injury 24:11, pages 1372-1378.
Read now
Susan Hillier, Tracy Comans, Mathew Sutton, Delena Amsters & Melissa Kendall. (2010) Development of a participatory process to address fragmented application of outcome measurement for rehabilitation in community settings. Disability and Rehabilitation 32:6, pages 511-520.
Read now
Andra Calota & Mindy F. Levin. (2009) Tonic Stretch Reflex Threshold as a Measure of Spasticity: Implications for Clinical Practice. Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation 16:3, pages 177-188.
Read now
Nastaran Ghotbi, Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari, Soofia Naghdi, Scott Hasson, Boushra Jamshidpour & Somayeh Amiri. (2009) Inter-rater reliability of the Modified Modified Ashworth Scale in assessing lower limb muscle spasticity. Brain Injury 23:10, pages 815-819.
Read now
L. J. Bradley & S. G. B. Kirker. (2008) Pregabalin in the treatment of spasticity: A retrospective case series. Disability and Rehabilitation 30:16, pages 1230-1232.
Read now
Soofia Naghdi, Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari, Somayye Azarnia & Anoushiravan Kazemnejad. (2008) Interrater reliability of the Modified Modified Ashworth Scale (MMAS) for patients with wrist flexor muscle spasticity. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice 24:5, pages 372-379.
Read now
Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari, Soofia Naghdi, Scott Hasson, Mohammad Hasan Azarsa & Somaye Azarnia. (2008) The Modified Tardieu Scale for the measurement of elbow flexor spasticity in adult patients with hemiplegia. Brain Injury 22:13-14, pages 1007-1012.
Read now

Articles from other publishers (213)

Luis H. Cubillos, Elliott J. Rouse, Thomas E. Augenstein, Varun Joshi, Edward S. Claflin & Chandramouli Krishnan. (2024) Reliability and minimal detectable change of stiffness and other mechanical properties of the ankle joint in standing and walking. Gait & Posture 108, pages 56-62.
Crossref
Klaudia Marek, Justyna Redlicka, Elżbieta Miller & Igor Zubrycki. (2023) Objectivizing Measures of Post-Stroke Hand Rehabilitation through Multi-Disciplinary Scales. Journal of Clinical Medicine 12:23, pages 7497.
Crossref
Christopher S. Crowe, Paula A. Pino, Peter C. Rhee, Dean Boyce, Jan Fridén, Maxim Horwitz, Wee Leon Lam, Caroline Leclercq, Shai Luria, Paul McArthur, Nadine Sturbois-Nachef, Miryam Obdeijn, Paolo Panciera, Simon Pickard, Eva Pontén, Vaikunthan Rajaratnam & Raja Sabapathy. (2023) Expert consensus on the surgical evaluation and management of upper extremity spasticity in adults. Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 48:10, pages 986-997.
Crossref
Jinlong Yang, Deqing Huang, Jingkang Xia & Yanan Li. (2023) Trajectory Deformation With Constrained Optimization for Bilateral Rehabilitation Robots. IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics 28:5, pages 2437-2448.
Crossref
Aymara Abreu-Corrales, Ana Velasco, Alicia Cuesta-Gómez & Juan Luis Sánchez-González. (2023) Impact of reflex locomotion and the Bobath concept on clinical and biomolecular parameters in people with multiple sclerosis: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in Neurology 14.
Crossref
Jian He, Anhua Luo, Jiajia Yu, Chengxi Qian, Dongwei Liu, Meijin Hou & Ye Ma. (2023) Quantitative assessment of spasticity: a narrative review of novel approaches and technologies. Frontiers in Neurology 14.
Crossref
Mark Gormley, Henry G. Chambers, Heakyung Kim, Judith Leon, Rozalina Dimitrova & Mitchell F. Brin. (2023) Treatment of pediatric spasticity, including children with cerebral palsy, with Botox (onabotulinumtoxinA): Development, insights, and impact. Medicine 102:S1, pages e32363.
Crossref
Kayley Crebbin, Tiffany GrisbrookCatherine ElliottAshleigh Thornton. (2023) The Use of Serious Gaming to Improve Sensorimotor Function and Motivation in People with Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review. Games for Health Journal 12:3, pages 169-197.
Crossref
Rachel Rapson, Jos M Latour, Bernie Carter, Vasiliki Pitsouni & Jonathan F Marsden. (2023) A cross sectional study investigating dynamic balance when stepping to targets in children with cerebral palsy compared to typically developing children. Gait & Posture 101, pages 154-159.
Crossref
Christian Wong. (2023) The Relationship between Pain and Spasticity and Tell-Tale Signs of Pain in Children with Cerebral Palsy. Toxins 15:2, pages 152.
Crossref
Shih-Jung Lai, Yu-Chi Huang, Po-Cheng Chen, Jia-Ying Wu & Chau-Peng Leong. (2023) The Sonoelastography and Functional Outcome of Upper Extremity after Kinesiotaping on the Spastic Forearm in Patients with Subacute Stroke. BioMed Research International 2023, pages 1-6.
Crossref
Nicholas Dietz, Sarah Wagers, Susan J. Harkema & Jessica M. D'Amico. (2023) Intrathecal and Oral Baclofen Use in Adults With Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review of Efficacy in Spasticity Reduction, Functional Changes, Dosing, and Adverse Events. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 104:1, pages 119-131.
Crossref
Jonathan Marsden, Valerie Stevenson & Louise Jarrett. 2023. Motor System Disorders, Part II: Spinal Cord, Neurodegenerative, and Cerebral Disorders and Treatment. Motor System Disorders, Part II: Spinal Cord, Neurodegenerative, and Cerebral Disorders and Treatment 497 521 .
Ahmad Marashly. 2023. Nelson Pediatric Symptom-Based Diagnosis: Common Diseases and their Mimics. Nelson Pediatric Symptom-Based Diagnosis: Common Diseases and their Mimics 661 671.e1 .
Stefan Kappel. 2023. Assistive Technologien, technische Rehabilitation und Unterstützte Kommunikation. Assistive Technologien, technische Rehabilitation und Unterstützte Kommunikation 131 146 .
Young-Min Kim & Stephen Ashwal. 2023. Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics. Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics 497 513 .
María-Isabel García-Bernal, Paula González-García, María Jesús Casuso-Holgado, María Dolores Cortés-Vega & Alberto Marcos Heredia-Rizo. (2022) Measuring Mechanical Properties of Spastic Muscles After Stroke. Does Muscle Position During Assessment Really Matter?. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 103:12, pages 2368-2374.
Crossref
Patricia B. Mills, Chetan P. Phadke, Chris Boulias, Sean P. Dukelow, Farooq Ismail, Stephen M. McNeil, Thomas A. Miller, Colleen M. O’Connell, Rajiv N. Reebye, Lalith E. Satkunam, Theodore H. Wein & Paul J. Winston. (2022) Spasticity Management Teams, Evaluations, and Tools: A Canadian Cross-Sectional Survey. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques, pages 1-9.
Crossref
Anam R Sasun & Moh’d Irshad Qureshi. (2022) Physiotherapy Rehabilitation as an Adjunct to Functional Independence in Diffuse Axonal Injury: A Case Report. Cureus.
Crossref
Marco Battaglia, Margherita Beatrice Borg, Lara Torgano, Alberto Loro, Lucia Cosenza, Michele Bertoni, Alessandro Picelli, Andrea Santamato, Marco Invernizzi, Francesca Uberti, Claudio Molinari, Stefano Carda & Alessio Baricich. (2022) The Lack of Systemic and Subclinical Side Effects of Botulinum Neurotoxin Type-A in Patients Affected by Post-Stroke Spasticity: A Longitudinal Cohort Study. Toxins 14:8, pages 564.
Crossref
Javier BENAVIDES & Oscar E. CASTRO. (2022) Validation of a semiological maneuver for the evaluation of spastic dynamic clubfoot: an approach based on the judgment of experts in physical medicine and rehabilitation. European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 58:4.
Crossref
Steven Escaldi, Francesca Bianchi, Ganesh Bavikatte, Franco Molteni, Susana Moraleda, Thierry Deltombe & Gerard E Francisco. (2022) Module 1. The Journal of the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 5:Suppl 1, pages S3-S22.
Crossref
P.W.H. Kwong, K.L. Chan, H.Y. Choi, H. Guo, Y.F. Tam, S.C. Tao, Y.L. Chan & C.J.W. Donnelly. (2022) Immediate effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on gait patterns in chronic stroke survivors: A single group, pretest-posttest clinical trial. Human Movement Science 83, pages 102948.
Crossref
Aukje Andringa, Erwin van Wegen, Ingrid van de Port, Lisette Guit, Wojtek Polomski, Gert Kwakkel & Carel Meskers. (2021) The effect of botulinum toxin‐A on neural and non‐neural components of wrist hyper‐resistance in adults with stroke or cerebral palsy . PM&R 14:4, pages 486-495.
Crossref
Kenta Fujimura, Masahiko Mukaino, Shota Itoh, Haruna Miwa, Ryoka Itoh, Daisuke Narukawa, Hiroki Tanikawa, Yoshikiyo Kanada, Eiichi Saitoh & Yohei Otaka. (2022) Requirements for Eliciting a Spastic Response With Passive Joint Movements and the Influence of Velocity on Response Patterns: An Experimental Study of Velocity-Response Relationships in Mild Spasticity With Repeated-Measures Analysis. Frontiers in Neurology 13.
Crossref
Hongmei Tang, Tingting Peng, Xubo Yang, Liru Liu, Yunxian Xu, Yiting Zhao, Shiya Huang, Chaoqiong Fu, Yuan Huang, Hongyu Zhou, Jinling Li, Lu He, Wenda Wang, Huiran Niu & Kaishou Xu. (2022) Plasma Metabolomic Changes in Children with Cerebral Palsy Exposed to Botulinum Neurotoxin. Journal of Proteome Research 21:3, pages 671-682.
Crossref
Fanette Chassagne, Jérôme Molimard, Reynald Convert, Clothilde Helouin-Desenne, Pierre Badel & Pascal Giraux. (2022) Bandages Static Stiffness Index Is Not Influenced by Calf Mechanical Properties but Only by Geometrical Changes. Biomechanics 2:1, pages 87-94.
Crossref
Elke Viehweger, Michèle Kläusler & Naima Loucheur. (2022) Paralytic dislocation of the hip in children. Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research 108:1, pages 103166.
Crossref
Irene Moll, Rik G. J. Marcellis, Marcel L. P. Coenen, Sabine M. Fleuren, Paul J. B. Willems, Lucianne A. W. M. Speth, M. Adhiambo Witlox, Kenneth Meijer & R. Jeroen Vermeulen. (2022) A randomized crossover study of functional electrical stimulation during walking in spastic cerebral palsy: the FES on participation (FESPa) trial. BMC Pediatrics 22:1.
Crossref
Nicholas J. Cooney & Atul S. Minhas. (2022) Humanoid Robot Based Platform to Evaluate the Efficacy of Using Inertial Sensors for Spasticity Assessment in Cerebral Palsy. IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics 26:1, pages 254-263.
Crossref
Ian J. Baguley, Hannah L. Barden & Karen Byth. (2022) Investigating Inducible Muscle Overactivity in Acquired Brain Injury and the Impact of Botulinum Toxin A. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 103:1, pages 75-82.e1.
Crossref
Jourdan K. Ewoldt, Preeti Raghavan & Nina L. Suresh. 2022. Spasticity and Muscle Stiffness. Spasticity and Muscle Stiffness 47 62 .
Liliana Zerbino & Psiche Giannoni. 2022. Cerebral Palsy. Cerebral Palsy 1 26 .
Eline Flux, Marjolein M. van der Krogt, Jaap Harlaar, Annemieke I. Buizer & Lizeth H. Sloot. (2021) Functional assessment of stretch hyperreflexia in children with cerebral palsy using treadmill perturbations. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation 18:1.
Crossref
Xiaoyi Shu, Ciara McConaghy & Alec Knight. (2021) Validity and reliability of the Modified Tardieu Scale as a spasticity outcome measure of the upper limbs in adults with neurological conditions: a systematic review and narrative analysis. BMJ Open 11:12, pages e050711.
Crossref
Johanna L. Chang, Ashley N. Coggins, Maira Saul, Alexandra Paget-Blanc, Malgorzata Straka, Jason Wright, Timir Datta-Chaudhuri, Stavros Zanos & Bruce T. Volpe. (2021) Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (tAVNS) Delivered During Upper Limb Interactive Robotic Training Demonstrates Novel Antagonist Control for Reaching Movements Following Stroke. Frontiers in Neuroscience 15.
Crossref
Rozalina Dimitrova, Emily McCusker, Mark Gormley, Darcy Fehlings, Katharine E. Alter, Susan Greaves, Chengcheng Liu & Mitchell F. Brin. (2021) Efficacy and safety of onabotulinumtoxinA with standardized occupational therapy for treatment of pediatric upper limb spasticity: Phase III placebo-controlled randomized trial. NeuroRehabilitation 49:3, pages 469-479.
Crossref
Marleen D. Wessels, Annette A. J. van der Putten & Muirne C. S. Paap. (2021) Inventory of assessment practices in people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities in three European countries. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities 34:6, pages 1521-1537.
Crossref
Elke Viehweger, Michèle Kläusler & Naima Loucheur. (2021) La hanche paralytique de l’enfant. Revue de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Traumatologique 107:6, pages S149-S156.
Crossref
N.E. Akalan, M.S. Saltik, F. Kutlu, C. Tatli, R. Sert & F. Bilgili. (2021) The effects of using surface Electromyography audio amplifier on the reliability of Tardieu scale for children with cerebral palsy. Gait & Posture 90, pages 3-4.
Crossref
Arthur Prochazka. (2021) Proprioception: clinical relevance and neurophysiology. Current Opinion in Physiology 23, pages 100440.
Crossref
Yu-Sheng Yang, Chi-Hsiang Tseng, Wei-Chien Fang, Ia-Wen Han & Shyh-Chour Huang. (2021) Effectiveness of a New 3D-Printed Dynamic Hand–Wrist Splint on Hand Motor Function and Spasticity in Chronic Stroke Patients. Journal of Clinical Medicine 10:19, pages 4549.
Crossref
L. V. Krylova, D. R. Khasanova & N. V. Agafonova. (2021) Current trends in the rehabilitation of patients with spastic paresis with focal brain damage. Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council:10, pages 101-107.
Crossref
C. Boulard & V. Gautheron. (2021) Spasticité chez l’enfant paralysé cérébral : quelle définition pour quelle évaluation clinique ?. Motricité Cérébrale 42:3, pages 64-74.
Crossref
Silvi Frenkel-Toledo, John M. Solomon, Akash Shah, Melanie C. Baniña, Sigal Berman, Nachum Soroker, Dario G. Liebermann & Mindy F. Levin. (2021) Tonic stretch reflex threshold as a measure of spasticity after stroke: Reliability, minimal detectable change and responsiveness. Clinical Neurophysiology 132:6, pages 1226-1233.
Crossref
Hélène Moron, Corine Gagnard-Landra, David Guiraud & Arnaud Dupeyron. (2021) Contribution of Single-Fiber Evaluation on Monitoring Outcomes Following Injection of Botulinum Toxin-A: A Narrative Review of the Literature. Toxins 13:5, pages 356.
Crossref
Somayeh Azarnia, Iraj Abdollahi, Maryam Minoo, Soofia Naghdi & Mahyar Salavati. (2021) The inter- and intra-rater reliability of Modified Tardieu Scale in assessing spasticity of knee extensors in patients with multiple sclerosis. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies 26, pages 515-518.
Crossref
Maria-Isabel Garcia-Bernal, Alberto Marcos Heredia-Rizo, Paula Gonzalez-Garcia, María-Dolores Cortés-Vega & María Jesús Casuso-Holgado. (2021) Validity and reliability of myotonometry for assessing muscle viscoelastic properties in patients with stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Scientific Reports 11:1.
Crossref
Paulo Henrique Ferreira de Araujo Barbosa, Joanne V. Glinsky, Emerson Fachin-Martins & Lisa A. Harvey. (2021) Physiotherapy interventions for the treatment of spasticity in people with spinal cord injury: a systematic review. Spinal Cord 59:3, pages 236-247.
Crossref
Çağrı Yalçın, Mathew Sam, Yifeng Bu, Moran Amit, Andrew J. Skalsky, Michael Yip, Tse Nga Ng & Harinath Garudadri. (2020) Artifacts Mitigation in Sensors for Spasticity Assessment. Advanced Intelligent Systems 3:3.
Crossref
Elaine Owen. (2021) JPO Editor's Comments. JPO Journal of Prosthetics and Orthotics 33:1, pages 1-2.
Crossref
Frederique Wieters, Carolin Weiss Lucas, Matthias Gruhn, Ansgar Büschges, Gereon R. Fink & Markus Aswendt. (2021) Introduction to spasticity and related mouse models. Experimental Neurology 335, pages 113491.
Crossref
Kim D.D. Barker & Mariana M. Johnson. 2021. Braddom's Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Braddom's Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 1 41.e2 .
Gerard E. Francisco, Jörg Wissel, Thomas Platz & Sheng Li. 2021. Clinical Pathways in Stroke Rehabilitation. Clinical Pathways in Stroke Rehabilitation 149 173 .
Huseyin Bertan, Julide Oncu, Ersin Vanli, Kerem Alptekin, Ali Sahillioglu, Banu Kuran & Figen Yilmaz. (2020) Use of Shear Wave Elastography for Quantitative Assessment of Muscle Stiffness After Botulinum Toxin Injection in Children With Cerebral Palsy. Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine 39:12, pages 2327-2337.
Crossref
Stacey D. Miller, Tanja A. Mayson, Kishore Mulpuri & Maureen E. O’Donnell. (2019) Developing a province-wide hip surveillance program for children with cerebral palsy: from evidence to consensus to program implementation: a mini-review. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics B 29:6, pages 517-522.
Crossref
Jörg Bahm, Christian Hagemann, Thomas Becher, Richarda Böttcher & Chakravarthy U. Dussa. (2020) Chirurgische Therapieoptionen bei spastischen Bewegungsstörungen der ExtremitätenSurgical treatment options for spastic movement disorders of the extremities. Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde.
Crossref
Daniel E Lumsden & Jill Cadwgan. (2020) Fifteen-minute consultation: A clinical approach to the management of the child with hypertonia. Archives of disease in childhood - Education & practice edition 105:5, pages 276-281.
Crossref
Shugeng Chen, Yang Li, Xiaokang Shu, Chuankai Wang, Hewei Wang, Li Ding & Jie Jia. (2020) Electroencephalography Mu Rhythm Changes and Decreased Spasticity After Repetitive Peripheral Magnetic Stimulation in Patients Following Stroke. Frontiers in Neurology 11.
Crossref
Yesung Cha & Arash Arami. (2020) Quantitative Modeling of Spasticity for Clinical Assessment, Treatment and Rehabilitation. Sensors 20:18, pages 5046.
Crossref
Eric M. Chin, Hilary E. Gwynn, Shenandoah Robinson & Alexander H. HoonJr.Jr.. (2020) Principles of Medical and Surgical Treatment of Cerebral Palsy. Neurologic Clinics 38:2, pages 397-416.
Crossref
Zichong Luo, Wai Leung Ambrose Lo, Ruihao Bian, Sengfat Wong & Le Li. (2019) Advanced quantitative estimation methods for spasticity: a literature review. Journal of International Medical Research 48:3, pages 030006051988842.
Crossref
Seung Ki Kim, Dong Wook Rha & Eun Sook Park. (2020) Botulinum Toxin Type A Injections Impact Hamstring Muscles and Gait Parameters in Children with Flexed Knee Gait. Toxins 12:3, pages 145.
Crossref
Jilda N. Vargus-Adams. (2020) Outcome Assessment and Function in Cerebral Palsy. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America 31:1, pages 131-141.
Crossref
Carina U. Persson, Lukas Holmegaard, Petra Redfors, Christina Jern, Christian Blomstrand & Katarina Jood. (2020) Increased muscle tone and contracture late after ischemic stroke. Brain and Behavior 10:2.
Crossref
Giuseppe Toro, Antimo MorettiMarco PaolettaAnnalisa De CiccoAdriano BraileAlfredo Schiavone Panni. (2020) Neglected femoral neck fractures in cerebral palsy: a narrative review. EFORT Open Reviews 5:1, pages 58-64.
Crossref
Matthias Panny, Andreas Mayr, Marco Nagiller & Yeongmi Kim. (2020) A domestic robotic rehabilitation device for assessment of wrist function for outpatients. Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering 7, pages 205566832096123.
Crossref
Stacy M. Stark. 2020. Essentials of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Essentials of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 689 696 .
Lynn Bar-On, Jaap Harlaar & Kaat Desloovere. 2020. Cerebral Palsy. Cerebral Palsy 585 600 .
Daveda Taylor. 2020. Cerebral Palsy. Cerebral Palsy 1309 1322 .
Reinald Brunner. 2020. Cerebral Palsy. Cerebral Palsy 1543 1556 .
Amber Newell, Suzanne Cherry & Michaela Fraser. 2020. Orthopedic Care of Patients with Cerebral Palsy. Orthopedic Care of Patients with Cerebral Palsy 221 250 .
Alexandra Paget-Blanc, Johanna L. Chang, Maira Saul, Regina Lin, Zaghloul Ahmed & Bruce T. Volpe. (2019) Non-invasive treatment of patients with upper extremity spasticity following stroke using paired trans-spinal and peripheral direct current stimulation. Bioelectronic Medicine 5:1.
Crossref
Kilian Baur, Nina Rohrbach, Joachim Hermsdörfer, Robert Riener & Verena Klamroth-Marganska. (2019) The “Beam-Me-In Strategy” – remote haptic therapist-patient interaction with two exoskeletons for stroke therapy. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation 16:1.
Crossref
Lenny T Vasanthan, Arun Nehrujee, John Solomon & Merlyn Tilak. (2019) Electrical stimulation for people with spinal cord injury. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
Crossref
Rachel Farrell & David Baker. (2019) An expert opinion: Optimisation of pharmacological management of multiple sclerosis related spasticity. Advances in Clinical Neuroscience & Rehabilitation.
Crossref
Anne-Kathrin Laßek, Sylvie Charlotte Anneliese Frieda von Werder, Cornelius J. Werner & Catherine Disselhorst-Klug. (2019) Introduction of a procedure to objectively quantify spastic movement impairment during freely performed voluntary movements. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 48, pages 44-52.
Crossref
Iqbal Multani, Jamil Manji, Tandy Hastings-Ison, Abhay Khot & Kerr Graham. (2019) Botulinum Toxin in the Management of Children with Cerebral Palsy. Pediatric Drugs 21:4, pages 261-281.
Crossref
Aukje Andringa, Erwin van Wegen, Ingrid van de Port, Gert Kwakkel & Carel Meskers. (2019) Measurement Properties of the NeuroFlexor Device for Quantifying Neural and Non-neural Components of Wrist Hyper-Resistance in Chronic Stroke. Frontiers in Neurology 10.
Crossref
Louise A. Corben, Eppie M. Yiu, Geneieve Tai, Sarah C. Milne, Brigitte Lynch & Martin B. Delatycki. (2019) Probing the multifactorial source of hand dysfunction in Friedreich ataxia. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 64, pages 71-76.
Crossref
Jing Gao, Jonathan M. Rubin, Johnson Chen & Michael O'Dell. (2019) Ultrasound Elastography to Assess Botulinum Toxin A Treatment for Post-stroke Spasticity: A Feasibility Study. Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology 45:5, pages 1094-1102.
Crossref
José Gazulla, Isidro Ferrer, Silvia Izquierdo-Alvarez, Sara Alvarez, Rocío Sánchez-Alcudia, María Bestué-Cardiel, María Seral, Isabel Benavente, Esther Sierra-Martínez & José Berciano. (2019) Hereditary primary lateral sclerosis and progressive nonfluent aphasia. Journal of Neurology 266:5, pages 1079-1090.
Crossref
Ayşe Numanoğlu Akbaş & Mintaze KEREM GÜNEL. (2019) EFFECTS OF INDIVIDUALLY STRUCTURED TRUNK TRAINING ON BODY FUNCTION AND STRUCTURES IN CHILDREN WITH SPASTIC CEREBRAL PALSY: A STRATIFIED RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL. Türk Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi.
Crossref
Nicoletta Cinone, Sara Letizia, Luigi Santoro, Salvatore Facciorusso, Raffaella Armiento, Alessandro Picelli, Maurizio Ranieri & Andrea Santamato. (2019) Combined Effects of Isokinetic Training and Botulinum Toxin Type A on Spastic Equinus Foot in Patients with Chronic Stroke: A Pilot, Single-blind, Randomized Controlled Trial. Toxins 11:4, pages 210.
Crossref
Jill Cadwgan, Janice Pearse, Anita Devlin & Anna Basu. (2019) Fifteen-minute consultation: Management of the upper limb in unilateral cerebral palsy. Archives of disease in childhood - Education & practice edition 104:2, pages 58-65.
Crossref
Raquel Cantero-Téllez, Nancy Naughton, Lori Algar & Kristin Valdes. (2019) Outcome measurement of hand function following mirror therapy for stroke rehabilitation: A systematic review. Journal of Hand Therapy 32:2, pages 277-291.e1.
Crossref
Kailash Sarathy, Chintan Doshi & Alaric Aroojis. (2019) Clinical Examination of Children with Cerebral Palsy. Indian Journal of Orthopaedics 53:1, pages 35-44.
Crossref
Nasrin Salehi Dehno, Fahimeh Kamali Sarvestani, Abdolhamid Shariat & Shapour Jaberzadeh. (2019) Measuring muscle tone with isokinetic dynamometer technique in stroke patients. Biomedical Human Kinetics 11:1, pages 144-150.
Crossref
Jacob G. McPherson, Arno H. A. Stienen, Brian D. Schmit & Julius P. A. Dewald. (2018) Biomechanical parameters of the elbow stretch reflex in chronic hemiparetic stroke. Experimental Brain Research 237:1, pages 121-135.
Crossref
Daveda Taylor. 2019. Cerebral Palsy. Cerebral Palsy 1 14 .
Osman Hakan Gündüz & Canan Şanal Toprak. 2019. Hand Function. Hand Function 125 135 .
Tuğçe Özekli Mısırlıoğlu & Şafak Sahir Karamehmetoğlu. 2019. Hand Function. Hand Function 137 162 .
Seoyoung Choi, Yong Beom Shin, Soo-Yeon Kim & Jonghyun Kim. (2018) A novel sensor-based assessment of lower limb spasticity in children with cerebral palsy. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation 15:1.
Crossref
Asmarani Ahmad Puzi, Shahrul Naim Sidek, Ismail Mohd Khairuddin, Hazlina Md. Yusof & Hadi Mat Rosly. (2018) Inter-Rater and Intra-Rater Reliability of Quantitative Upper Limb Spasticity Evaluation based on Modified Ashworth Scale Tool. Inter-Rater and Intra-Rater Reliability of Quantitative Upper Limb Spasticity Evaluation based on Modified Ashworth Scale Tool.
Yi-Ning Wu, Hyung-Soon Park, Jia-Jin Chen, Yupeng Ren, Elliot J. Roth & Li-Qun Zhang. (2018) Position as Well as Velocity Dependence of Spasticity—Four-Dimensional Characterizations of Catch Angle. Frontiers in Neurology 9.
Crossref
Jing Gao, Wen He, Li-Juan Du, Johnson Chen, David Park, Michael Wells, Brian Fowlkes & Michael O'Dell. (2018) Quantitative Ultrasound Imaging to Assess the Biceps Brachii Muscle in Chronic Post-Stroke Spasticity: Preliminary Observation. Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology 44:9, pages 1931-1940.
Crossref
Indre Bakaniene, Gintare Urbonaviciene, Kristina Janaviciute & Audrone Prasauskiene. (2018) Effects of the Inerventions method on gross motor function in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska 52:5, pages 581-586.
Crossref
Anand V. Nene, Alexandre Rainha Campos, Klemen Grabljevec, Arminda Lopes, Bengt Skoog & Anthony S. Burns. (2018) Clinical Assessment of Spasticity in People With Spinal Cord Damage: Recommendations From the Ability Network, an International Initiative. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 99:9, pages 1917-1926.
Crossref
Jing Gao, Johnson Chen, Michael O'Dell, Pai-Chi Li, Wen He, Li-Juan Du, Jonathan M. Rubin, William Weitzel & Robert Min. (2018) Ultrasound Strain Imaging to Assess the Biceps Brachii Muscle in Chronic Poststroke Spasticity. Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine 37:8, pages 2043-2052.
Crossref
Laure Mathevon, F. Michel, S. Aubry, R. Testa, T. Lapole, L. F. Arnaudeau, B. Fernandez, B. Parratte & P. Calmels. (2018) Two-dimensional and shear wave elastography ultrasound: A reliable method to analyse spastic muscles?. Muscle & Nerve 57:2, pages 222-228.
Crossref
Gerard E. Francisco. 2018. Braddom's Rehabilitation Care: A Clinical Handbook. Braddom's Rehabilitation Care: A Clinical Handbook 157 163.e13 .
Shaw-Gang Shyu. 2018. Braddom's Rehabilitation Care: A Clinical Handbook. Braddom's Rehabilitation Care: A Clinical Handbook 3 13.e5 .
Lynn Bar-On, Jaap Harlaar & Kaat Desloovere. 2018. Cerebral Palsy. Cerebral Palsy 1 16 .
Daveda Taylor. 2018. Cerebral Palsy. Cerebral Palsy 1 14 .
Reinald Brunner. 2018. Cerebral Palsy. Cerebral Palsy 1 14 .
Samaneh Gholami, Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari, Soofia Naghdi, Azadeh Tabatabaei, Davood Jannat, Maryam Senobari & Mahdi Dadgoo. (2018) Biomechanical investigation of the modified Tardieu Scale in assessing knee extensor spasticity poststroke. Physiotherapy Research International 23:1, pages e1698.
Crossref
Andrew Centen, Catherine R. Lowrey, Stephen H. Scott, Ting-Ting Yeh & George Mochizuki. (2017) KAPS (kinematic assessment of passive stretch): a tool to assess elbow flexor and extensor spasticity after stroke using a robotic exoskeleton. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation 14:1.
Crossref
Thorin L. Geister, Donald M. Bushnell, Jie Yang, Yuqiong Zhang, Mona L. Martin, Alev Heilbronn & Zhenhuan Liu. (2017) Initial psychometric validation of the questionnaire on pain caused by spasticity (QPS). Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 15:1.
Crossref
Anneliese Synnot, Marisa Chau, Veronica Pitt, Denise O'Connor, Russell L Gruen, Jason Wasiak, Ornella Clavisi, Loyal Pattuwage & Kate Phillips. (2017) Interventions for managing skeletal muscle spasticity following traumatic brain injury. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2017:11.
Crossref
Kathleen J. Manella, Kathryn E. Roach & Edelle C. Field-Fote. (2017) Temporal Indices of Ankle Clonus and Relationship to Electrophysiologic and Clinical Measures in Persons With Spinal Cord Injury. Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy 41:4, pages 229-238.
Crossref
P Akpinar, A Atici, F U Ozkan, I Aktas, D G Kulcu, A Sarı & B Durmus. (2017) Reliability of the Modified Ashworth Scale and Modified Tardieu Scale in patients with spinal cord injuries. Spinal Cord 55:10, pages 944-949.
Crossref
Laura A. Adang, Omar Sherbini, Laura Ball, Miriam Bloom, Anil Darbari, Hernan Amartino, Donna DiVito, Florian Eichler, Maria Escolar, Sarah H. Evans, Ali Fatemi, Jamie Fraser, Leslie Hollowell, Nicole Jaffe, Christopher Joseph, Mary Karpinski, Stephanie Keller, Ryan Maddock, Edna Mancilla, Bruce McClary, Jana Mertz, Kiley Morgart, Thomas Langan, Richard Leventer, Sumit Parikh, Amy Pizzino, Erin Prange, Deborah L. Renaud, William Rizzo, Jay Shapiro, Dean Suhr, Teryn Suhr, Davide Tonduti, Jacque Waggoner, Amy Waldman, Nicole I. Wolf, Ayelet Zerem, Joshua L. Bonkowsky, Genevieve Bernard, Keith van Haren & Adeline Vanderver. (2017) Revised consensus statement on the preventive and symptomatic care of patients with leukodystrophies. Molecular Genetics and Metabolism 122:1-2, pages 18-32.
Crossref
Louis-David Beaulieu, Hugo Massé-Alarie, Samuel Camiré-Bernier, Édith Ribot-Ciscar & Cyril Schneider. (2017) After-effects of peripheral neurostimulation on brain plasticity and ankle function in chronic stroke: The role of afferents recruited. Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology 47:4, pages 275-291.
Crossref
J. C. van den Noort, L. Bar-On, E. Aertbeliën, M. Bonikowski, S. M. Braendvik, E. W. Broström, A. I. Buizer, J. H. Burridge, A. van Campenhout, B. Dan, J. F. Fleuren, S. Grunt, F. Heinen, H. L. Horemans, C. Jansen, A. Kranzl, B. K. Krautwurst, M. van der Krogt, S. Lerma Lara, C. M. Lidbeck, J.-P. Lin, I. Martinez, C. Meskers, D. Metaxiotis, G. Molenaers, D. A. Patikas, O. Rémy-Néris, K. Roeleveld, A. P. Shortland, J. Sikkens, L. Sloot, R. J. Vermeulen, C. Wimmer, A. S. Schröder, S. Schless, J. G. Becher, K. Desloovere & J. Harlaar. (2017) European consensus on the concepts and measurement of the pathophysiological neuromuscular responses to passive muscle stretch. European Journal of Neurology 24:7, pages 981-e38.
Crossref
Suin Kim, Jeongsoo Lee, Wookeun Park & Joonbum Bae. (2017) Quantitative evaluation of hand functions using a wearable hand exoskeleton system. Quantitative evaluation of hand functions using a wearable hand exoskeleton system.
Sarah Helen Evans, Mark William Cameron & Justin ​Michael Burton. (2017) Hypertonia. Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care 47:7, pages 161-166.
Crossref
Deepak Sharan. (2017) Orthopedic surgery in cerebral palsy: Instructional course lecture. Indian Journal of Orthopaedics 51:3, pages 240-255.
Crossref
Jeongsoo Lee, Suin Kim, Wookeun Park & Joonbum Bae. (2017) Design of a wearable hand exoskeleton system for evaluation of hand functions. Design of a wearable hand exoskeleton system for evaluation of hand functions.
Verena Klamroth-Marganska, Kilian Baur, Aniket Nagle, Robert Riener & Marco Toigo. (2017) Strength training of the upper extremity in virtual reality with an exoskeleton robot. Strength training of the upper extremity in virtual reality with an exoskeleton robot.
Chueh-Hung Wu, Yu-Chun Ho, Ming-Yen Hsiao, Wen-Shiang Chen & Tyng-Guey Wang. (2017) Evaluation of Post-Stroke Spastic Muscle Stiffness Using Shear Wave Ultrasound Elastography. Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology 43:6, pages 1105-1111.
Crossref
Marco Germanotta, Juri Taborri, Stefano Rossi, Flaminia Frascarelli, Eduardo Palermo, Paolo Cappa, Enrico Castelli & Maurizio Petrarca. (2017) Spasticity Measurement Based on Tonic Stretch Reflex Threshold in Children with Cerebral Palsy Using the PediAnklebot. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 11.
Crossref
Kenneth Monaghan, Frances Horgan, Catherine Blake, Catherine Cornall, Paula PM Hickey, Bernadette E Lyons & Peter Langhorne. (2017) Physical treatment interventions for managing spasticity after stroke. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
Crossref
Lizeth H Sloot, Lynn Bar-On, Marjolein M van der Krogt, Erwin Aertbeliën, Annemieke I Buizer, Kaat Desloovere & Jaap Harlaar. (2017) Motorized versus manual instrumented spasticity assessment in children with cerebral palsy. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 59:2, pages 145-151.
Crossref
Soofia Naghdi, Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari, Sedighe Ghorbani-rad, Maryam Senobari & Mohammad Ali Sahraian. (2016) Intra-rater reliability of the Modified Tardieu Scale in patients with multiple sclerosis. Neurological Sciences 38:1, pages 93-99.
Crossref
Yu-Ching Lin, I-Ling Lin, Te-Feng Arthur Chou & Hsin-Min Lee. (2016) Quantitative evaluation for spasticity of calf muscle after botulinum toxin injection in patients with cerebral palsy: a pilot study. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation 13:1.
Crossref
Anthony Scott Burns, Indira Lanig, Klemen Grabljevec, Peter Wayne New, Djamel Bensmail, Per Ertzgaard & Anand Vishwanath Nene. (2016) Optimizing the Management of Disabling Spasticity Following Spinal Cord Damage: The Ability Network—An International Initiative. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 97:12, pages 2222-2228.
Crossref
Susana Otero-Romero, Jaume Sastre-Garriga, Giancarlo Comi, Hans-Peter Hartung, Per Soelberg Sørensen, Alan J Thompson, Patrick Vermersch, Ralf Gold & Xavier Montalban. (2016) Pharmacological management of spasticity in multiple sclerosis: Systematic review and consensus paper. Multiple Sclerosis Journal 22:11, pages 1386-1396.
Crossref
Joanne Glinsky. (2016) Tardieu Scale. Journal of Physiotherapy 62:4, pages 229.
Crossref
Aaron L. Boster, Susan E. Bennett, Gerald S. Bilsky, Mark Gudesblatt, Stephen F. Koelbel, Maura McManus & Michael Saulino. (2016) Best Practices for Intrathecal Baclofen Therapy: Screening Test. Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface 19:6, pages 616-622.
Crossref
Seoyoung Choi & Jonghyun Kim. (2016) Improving modified tardieu scale assessment using inertial measurement unit with visual biofeedback. Improving modified tardieu scale assessment using inertial measurement unit with visual biofeedback.
Andreanne K. BlanchetteAditi A. MullickKarina Moïn-DarbariMindy F. Levin. (2016) Tonic Stretch Reflex Threshold as a Measure of Ankle Plantar-Flexor Spasticity After Stroke. Physical Therapy 96:5, pages 687-695.
Crossref
Tiantian Wang, Lin Du, Ling Shan, Hanyu Dong, Junyan Feng, Maren C. Kiessling, Nicholas B. Angstman, Christoph Schmitz & Feiyong Jia. (2016) A Prospective Case-Control Study of Radial Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy for Spastic Plantar Flexor Muscles in Very Young Children With Cerebral Palsy. Medicine 95:19, pages e3649.
Crossref
Shiho Mizuno, Shigeru Sonoda, Kotaro Takeda & Shinichiro Maeshima. (2016) Measurement of Resistive Plantar Flexion Torque of the Ankle during Passive Stretch in Healthy Subjects and Patients with Poststroke Hemiplegia. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases 25:4, pages 946-953.
Crossref
Angela A. Navarrete-Opazo, Waleska Gonzalez & Paula Nahuelhual. (2016) Effectiveness of Oral Baclofen in the Treatment of Spasticity in Children and Adolescents With Cerebral Palsy. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 97:4, pages 604-618.
Crossref
Ja Young ChoiSoojin JungDong-wook RhaEun Sook Park. (2016) Botulinum Toxin Type A Injection for Spastic Equinovarus Foot in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy: Effects on Gait and Foot Pressure Distribution. Yonsei Medical Journal 57:2, pages 496.
Crossref
S. V. Prokopenko, E. Y. Mozheyko & G. V. Alekseevich. (2016) Methods of assessment of movement functions in the upper limb. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova 116:7, pages 101.
Crossref
R. van Empelen, Ria Nijhuis-Van Der Sanden & Annelies HartmanMarina M. Schoemaker, Marjolijn Ketelaar & H. A. Reinders-Messelink. 2016. Kinderfysiotherapie. Kinderfysiotherapie 153 185 .
Unni G. Narayanan. 2016. Pediatric Lower Limb Deformities. Pediatric Lower Limb Deformities 267 296 .
Svend Sparre Geertsen, Henrik Kirk, Jakob Lorentzen, Martin Jorsal, Claus Bo Johansson & Jens Bo Nielsen. (2015) Impaired gait function in adults with cerebral palsy is associated with reduced rapid force generation and increased passive stiffness. Clinical Neurophysiology 126:12, pages 2320-2329.
Crossref
Minal Y. Bhadane, Fan Gao, Gerard E. Francisco, Ping Zhou & Sheng Li. (2015) Correlation of Resting Elbow Angle with Spasticity in Chronic Stroke Survivors. Frontiers in Neurology 6.
Crossref
Dae Hyun Kim, Ji Cheol Shin, Seungsoo Jung, Tae-Min Jung & Deog Young Kim. (2015) Effects of intermittent theta burst stimulation on spasticity after stroke. NeuroReport 26:10, pages 561-566.
Crossref
E. Jover-Martínez, J. Ríos-Díaz & E.J. Poveda-Pagán. (2015) Relación entre escalas de espasticidad y escalas de independencia y estado funcional en pacientes con parálisis cerebral. Fisioterapia 37:4, pages 175-184.
Crossref
Lizeth H. Sloot, Marjolein M. van der Krogt, Karin L. de Gooijer-van de Groep, Stijn van Eesbeek, Jurriaan de Groot, Annemieke I. Buizer, Carel Meskers, Jules G. Becher, Erwin de Vlugt & Jaap Harlaar. (2015) The validity and reliability of modelled neural and tissue properties of the ankle muscles in children with cerebral palsy. Gait & Posture 42:1, pages 7-15.
Crossref
Urs Keller, Sabine Schölch, Urs Albisser, Claudia Rudhe, Armin Curt, Robert Riener & Verena Klamroth-Marganska. (2015) Robot-Assisted Arm Assessments in Spinal Cord Injured Patients: A Consideration of Concept Study. PLOS ONE 10:5, pages e0126948.
Crossref
Anja Van Campenhout, Lynn Bar-On, Kaat Desloovere, Catherine Huenaerts & Guy Molenaers. (2015) Motor endplate-targeted botulinum toxin injections of the gracilis muscle in children with cerebral palsy. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 57:5, pages 476-483.
Crossref
Anya Calame & Barbara J. Singer. (2015) Inter- and Intra-Rater Reliability of the Australian Spasticity Assessment Scale in Adults with Acquired Brain Injury. Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 03:03, pages 77-86.
Crossref
Lynn Bar-On, Guy Molenaers, Erwin Aertbeliën, Anja Van Campenhout, Hilde Feys, Bart Nuttin & Kaat Desloovere. (2015) Spasticity and Its Contribution to Hypertonia in Cerebral Palsy. BioMed Research International 2015, pages 1-10.
Crossref
Hirofumi Maeda, Shigeru Sonoda, Yutaka Tomita, Shiho Mizuno, Kotaro Takeda, Hiroyuki Miyasaka, Genichi Tanino, Abbas Orand & Kensuke Ohno. (2015) Factors influencing therapeutic effectiveness of phenol motor point block on using ankle plantar flexion torque. Japanese Journal of Comprehensive Rehabilitation Science 6:0, pages 118-123.
Crossref
N. Susan Stott. 2015. Management of Chronic Conditions in the Foot and Lower Leg. Management of Chronic Conditions in the Foot and Lower Leg 214 250 .
Matthew J. Konst & Johnny L. Matson. 2015. Comorbid Conditions in Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities. Comorbid Conditions in Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities 351 387 .
Alejandro Melendez-Calderon, Davide Piovesan, James L Patton & Ferdinando A Mussa-Ivaldi. (2014) Enhanced assessment of limb neuro-mechanics via a haptic display. Robotics and Biomimetics 1:1.
Crossref
Rachel E Thomas, Leanne M Johnston, Roslyn N Boyd, Leanne Sakzewski & Megan J Kentish. (2014) GRIN: “GRoup versus INdividual physiotherapy following lower limb intra-muscular Botulinum Toxin-A injections for ambulant children with cerebral palsy: an assessor-masked randomised comparison trial”: study protocol. BMC Pediatrics 14:1.
Crossref
Lynn Bar‐On, Erwin Aertbeliën, Guy Molenaers, Bernard Dan & Kaat Desloovere. (2014) Manually controlled instrumented spasticity assessments: a systematic review of psychometric properties. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 56:10, pages 932-950.
Crossref
Joanne M. Wagner, Theodore R. Kremer, Linda R. Van Dillen & Robert T. Naismith. (2014) Plantarflexor Weakness Negatively Impacts Walking in Persons With Multiple Sclerosis More Than Plantarflexor Spasticity. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 95:7, pages 1358-1365.
Crossref
Carmen Krewer, Sandra Hartl, Friedemann Müller & Eberhard Koenig. (2014) Effects of Repetitive Peripheral Magnetic Stimulation on Upper-Limb Spasticity and Impairment in Patients With Spastic Hemiparesis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Study. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 95:6, pages 1039-1047.
Crossref
Dr. Jodie Copley & Dr. Kathy Kuipers. 2014. Neurorehabilitation of the Upper Limb Across the Lifespan. Neurorehabilitation of the Upper Limb Across the Lifespan 80 127 .
Kirsten PotterEvan T. CohenDiane D. AllenSusan E. BennettKathi G. BrandfassGail L. WidenerAmy M. Yorke. (2014) Outcome Measures for Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis: Recommendations From the American Physical Therapy Association Neurology Section Task Force. Physical Therapy 94:5, pages 593-608.
Crossref
Anja Van Campenhout, Lynn Bar-On, Erwin Aertbeliën, Catherine Huenaerts, Guy Molenaers & Kaat Desloovere. (2014) Can we unmask features of spasticity during gait in children with cerebral palsy by increasing their walking velocity?. Gait & Posture 39:3, pages 953-957.
Crossref
Lynn Bar-On, Anja Van Campenhout, Kaat Desloovere, Erwin Aertbeliën, Catherine Huenaerts, Britt Vandendoorent, Angela Nieuwenhuys & Guy Molenaers. (2014) Is an Instrumented Spasticity Assessment an Improvement Over Clinical Spasticity Scales in Assessing and Predicting the Response to Integrated Botulinum Toxin Type A Treatment in Children With Cerebral Palsy?. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 95:3, pages 515-523.
Crossref
Yuichirou YOKOI, Naoki KOZUKA & Toshikatsu MATSUYAMA. (2014) Ultrasound Imaging Measurement Reproducibility of the Length of the Medial Gastrocnemius Muscle of Adults with Cerebral Palsy脳性麻痺者に対する超音波画像を使用した内側腓腹筋長の測定再現性. Rigakuryoho Kagaku 29:2, pages 283-288.
Crossref
Yutaka Tomita, Genichi Tanino, Shiho Mizuno, Hirofumi Maeda, Hiroyuki Miyasaka, Orand Abbas, Kotaro Takeda & Shigeru Sonoda. (2014) Development of a stiffness measurement system and biomechanical model of ankle joint to evaluate viscoelasticity and muscle contraction. Japanese Journal of Comprehensive Rehabilitation Science 5:0, pages 147-155.
Crossref
L. Bar-On, E. Aertbeliën, G. Molenaers, A. Van Campenhout, B. Vandendoorent, A. Nieuwenhuys, E. Jaspers, C. Hunaerts & K. Desloovere. (2014) Instrumented assessment of the effect of Botulinum Toxin-A in the medial hamstrings in children with cerebral palsy. Gait & Posture 39:1, pages 17-22.
Crossref
Ettie Ben-Shabat, Mithu Palit, Natalie A. Fini, Catherine T. Brooks, Adele Winter & Anne E. Holland. (2013) Intra- and Interrater Reliability of the Modified Tardieu Scale for the Assessment of Lower Limb Spasticity in Adults With Neurologic Injuries. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 94:12, pages 2494-2501.
Crossref
Lex D. de Jong, Pieter U. Dijkstra, Johan Gerritsen, Alexander C.H. Geurts & Klaas Postema. (2013) Combined arm stretch positioning and neuromuscular electrical stimulation during rehabilitation does not improve range of motion, shoulder pain or function in patients after stroke: a randomised trial. Journal of Physiotherapy 59:4, pages 245-254.
Crossref
I Sterpi, A Caroli, E Meazza, G Maggioni, C Pistarini & R Colombo. (2013) Lower limb spasticity assessment using an inertial sensor: a reliability study. Physiological Measurement 34:11, pages 1423-1434.
Crossref
Gavin P. Williams, Anthony G. Schache & Meg E. Morris. (2013) Mobility After Traumatic Brain Injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 28:5, pages 371-378.
Crossref
Małgorzata Domagalska, Andrzej Szopa, Małgorzata Syczewska, Stanisław Pietraszek, Zenon Kidoń & Grzegorz Onik. (2013) The relationship between clinical measurements and gait analysis data in children with cerebral palsy. Gait & Posture 38:4, pages 1038-1043.
Crossref
William Huynh, Arun V. Krishnan, Cindy S.-Y. Lin, Steve Vucic, Pesi Katrak, Michael Hornberger & Matthew C. Kiernan. (2013) Botulinum toxin modulates cortical maladaptation in post-stroke spasticity. Muscle & Nerve 48:1, pages 93-99.
Crossref
D. Piovesan, A. Melendez-Calderon & F. A. Mussa-Ivaldi. (2013) Haptic recognition of dystonia and spasticity in simulated multi-joint hypertonia. Haptic recognition of dystonia and spasticity in simulated multi-joint hypertonia.
A. Melendez-Calderon, D. Piovesan & F. A. Mussa-Ivaldi. (2013) Therapist recognition of impaired muscle groups in simulated multi-joint hypertonia. Therapist recognition of impaired muscle groups in simulated multi-joint hypertonia.
Katharina S. SunnerhagenJohn OlverGerard E. Francisco. (2013) Assessing and treating functional impairment in poststroke spasticity. Neurology 80:3_supplement_2.
Crossref
Letícia Alves Fonseca, Luanda André Collange Grecco, Fabiano Politti, Carlo Frigo, Esteban Pavan, João Carlos Ferrari Corrêa & Cláudia Santos Oliveira. (2013) Use a Portable Device for Measuring Spasticity in Individuals with Cerebral Palsy. Journal of Physical Therapy Science 25:3, pages 271-275.
Crossref

Displaying 200 of 241 citing articles. Use the download link below to view the full list of citing articles.

Download full citations list

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.