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Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing Volume 29, 2012 - Issue 3
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Original Articles

Comparing Constraints to Cruising Between Cruisers and Non-Cruisers: A Test of the Constraint-Effects-Mitigation Model

Kam Hung School of Hotel and Tourism Management, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaCorrespondence[email protected]
&
James F. Petrick Department of Recreation, Park and Tourism Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
Pages 242-262 | Received 12 May 2011, Accepted 09 Nov 2011, Published online: 25 Apr 2012

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Dang Thuan An Nguyen & Liwei Hsu. (2023) Solo travel intention: A study of Indonesian Muslim and non-Muslim women. Journal of Leisure Research 0:0, pages 1-26.
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Sung Bum Chun, Elizabeth A. Halpenny, Justin Y. Jeon & Chul Won Lee. (2022) Leisure Constraints and Negotiation among Canadian and South Korean Mountain Hikers: An Extension of Motivations with the Constraints-Effect-Mitigation Model. Leisure Sciences 0:0, pages 1-28.
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Maribel Rodríguez & Leonor M. Pérez. (2022) Incentives and constraints for archeological tourism: a case study in Spain. Current Issues in Tourism 25:8, pages 1185-1191.
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Pearl M. C. Lin, Hanqin Qiu Zhang, Qiushi Gu & Kang-Lin Peng. (2017) To go or not to go: travel constraints and attractiveness of travel affecting outbound Chinese tourists to Japan. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing 34:9, pages 1184-1197.
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Jun Wen, Metin Kozak & Tianyu Ying. (2022) Cannabis tourists' perceived constraints to engaging in commercial cannabis tourism overseas: a comparison of first-time and repeat tourists. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 35:1, pages 130-148.
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Brian H. Yim, Mark R. Lyberger & Doori Song. (2021) Push–pull analysis: the mediating role of promotion types relative to visit intention to a sports museum. International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship 23:2, pages 346-368.
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Wenting Zhou, Yajun Qiu, Haibo Tian & Jiao Xu. (2021) Women Runners in China: Constraints Negotiation Process of Serious Leisure. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19:1, pages 214.
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Karen Pei-Sze Tan & Xiang (Robert) Li. (2020) To Guilt or To Vacation: Constraining Effects of Guilt on Vacation Decisions. Journal of Travel Research 60:8, pages 1692-1713.
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Yang Zhang, Kai‐Xin Shi & Timothy J. Lee. (2020) Chinese girlfriend getaway tourism in Buddhist destinations: Towards the construction of a gendered spirituality dimension. International Journal of Tourism Research 23:1, pages 1-12.
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Lóránt Dénes Dávid, János Csapó, Ákos Nagy & Mária Törőcsik. (2020) Can We Understand Non-Tourism as a Form of Sustainable Tourism? The Role of Lifestyle and Motivations behind Non-Traveling Based on the Hungarian Example. Sustainability 12:18, pages 7353.
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Jun Wen, Songshan (Sam) Huang & Edmund Goh. (2020) Effects of perceived constraints and negotiation on learned helplessness: A study of Chinese senior outbound tourists. Tourism Management 78, pages 104059.
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Qiushi Gu, Hanqin Qiu, Brian EM King & Songshan (Sam) Huang. (2019) Understanding the wine tourism experience: The roles of facilitators, constraints, and involvement. Journal of Vacation Marketing 26:2, pages 211-229.
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Chuanzhong Tang, David Weaver, Fangfang Shi, Ming‐Feng Huang & Yang Liu. (2019) Constraints to domestic ocean cruise participation among higher income Chinese adults. International Journal of Tourism Research 21:4, pages 519-530.
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Bingjie Liu-Lastres, Ashley Schroeder & Lori Pennington-Gray. (2018) Cruise Line Customers’ Responses to Risk and Crisis Communication Messages: An Application of the Risk Perception Attitude Framework. Journal of Travel Research 58:5, pages 849-865.
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You-Yu Dai. 2019. Handbook of Research on the Evolution of IT and the Rise of E-Society. Handbook of Research on the Evolution of IT and the Rise of E-Society 508 525 .
Li Xie & Brent W Ritchie. (2018) The motivation, constraint, behavior relationship: A holistic approach for understanding international student leisure travelers. Journal of Vacation Marketing 25:1, pages 111-129.
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Hengyun Li, Fang Meng & Ziqiong Zhang. (2016) Non-participation of Domestic Tourism: Analyzing the Influence of Discouraging Factors. International Journal of Tourism Research 18:6, pages 567-578.
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Suiwen (Sharon) Zou & James F. Petrick. (2016) Segmenting Chinese Tourists with Perceived Constraints. Tourism in Marine Environments 11:2, pages 109-122.
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Svein Larsen & Katharina Wolff. (2016) Exploring assumptions about cruise tourists' visits to ports. Tourism Management Perspectives 17, pages 44-49.
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Carl H. Marcussen. 2016. Cruise Business Development. Cruise Business Development 251 278 .
Anne-Marie Lebrun. (2015) Representation of Cruise: Cruisers and Noncruisers Cross Views. International Journal of Tourism Research 17:5, pages 511-520.
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Liang (Rebecca) Tang. (2014) The application of social psychology theories and concepts in hospitality and tourism studies: A review and research agenda. International Journal of Hospitality Management 36, pages 188-196.
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