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Contemporary Security Policy Volume 30, 2009 - Issue 2
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Original Articles

Gangs as Non-State Armed Groups: The Central American Case

Dennis RodgersCorrespondence[email protected]
&
Robert Muggah
Pages 301-317 | Published online: 12 Aug 2009

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Raúl Zepeda Gil. (2023) Conceptualising criminal wars in Latin America. Third World Quarterly 44:4, pages 776-794.
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José Miguel Cruz. (2022) Police, non-state actors, and political legitimacy in Central America. Policing and Society 32:3, pages 291-310.
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María José Méndez. (2019) The violence work of transnational gangs in Central America. Third World Quarterly 40:2, pages 373-388.
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Moritz Schuberth. (2015) A transformation from political to criminal violence? Politics, organised crime and the shifting functions of Haiti's urban armed groups. Conflict, Security & Development 15:2, pages 169-196.
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Fiona Macaulay. (2013) Modes of prison administration, control and governmentality in Latin America: adoption, adaptation and hybridity. Conflict, Security & Development 13:4, pages 361-392.
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Bryn Hughes. (2010) Moving beyond rethinking the ‘state of the state’: to the challenge of reshaping international contributions to peace operations . Conflict, Security & Development 10:3, pages 329-352.
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Robert Muggah. (2010) Rethinking small arms control in Africa: it is time to set an armed violence reduction agenda . Conflict, Security & Development 10:2, pages 217-238.
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Articles from other publishers (38)

Viviana García Pinzón. (2022) Containing Violence in El Salvador: Community Organization, Transnational Networks and State–Society Relations. Development and Change 54:1, pages 192-219.
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Duncan Omanga & Kennedy Mkutu Agade. (2022) Introduction to Special Issue on Youth Groups and Gangs in the African Context. Politeia 40:2.
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Kennedy Mkutu Agade, Tessa Mkutu & Obondo Kajumbi. (2022) Perpetuating Injustice: The Criminalisation of Youth Gangs in Mombasa, Kenya. Politeia 40:2.
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José Miguel Cruz. (2022) Police Legitimacy and Hybrid Security Orders in Central America. Social Forces 100:4, pages 1833-1855.
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Tarila M. Ebiede & Kialee Nyiayaana. (2022) How violence shapes contentious traditional leadership in Nigeria’s Niger Delta. Violence: An International Journal 3:1, pages 65-84.
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Elena Butti. (2022) From Family to Franchise? Friendship, Individualism, and the Marketization of the Colombian Youth Gang. Youth and Globalization 3:2, pages 308-331.
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José Miguel Cruz & Jonathan D Rosen. (2022) Leaving the Pervasive Barrio : Gang Disengagement under Criminal Governance . Social Problems.
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Kai M Thaler. (2022) Delegation, Sponsorship, and Autonomy: An Integrated Framework for Understanding Armed Group–State Relationships. Journal of Global Security Studies 7:1.
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Marcos Alan S. V. Ferreira. 2021. Decolonising Conflicts, Security, Peace, Gender, Environment and Development in the Anthropocene. Decolonising Conflicts, Security, Peace, Gender, Environment and Development in the Anthropocene 521 537 .
Miriam Bradley. (2020) From armed conflict to urban violence: transformations in the International Committee of the Red Cross, international humanitarianism, and the laws of war. European Journal of International Relations 26:4, pages 1061-1083.
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Carlos Vilalta. (2020) Violence in Latin America: An Overview of Research and Issues. Annual Review of Sociology 46:1, pages 693-706.
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Viviana García Pinzón & Erika J. Rojas Ospina. (2020) La política de seguridad en El Salvador: la construcción del enemigo y sus efectos en la violencia y el orden social. Revista de Estudios Sociales:73, pages 96-108.
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José Miguel Cruz & Jonathan D. Rosen. (2020) Mara forever? Factors associated with gang disengagement in El Salvador. Journal of Criminal Justice 69, pages 101705.
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Rafael Rocha & Corinne Davis Rodrigues. (2020) Membership, Structure and Rivalries of Youth Gangs in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Estudios Sociológicos de El Colegio de México 38:113, pages 341-374.
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Darshini MahadeviaKatherine V. Gough. (2020) Safe and inclusive cities: contesting violence. International Development Planning Review 42:1, pages 1-11.
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Giovanni A. Travaglino & Lisbeth DruryGiovanni A. Travaglino & Lisbeth Drury. 2020. The Secret Power of Criminal Organizations. The Secret Power of Criminal Organizations 1 4 .
Mathew Charles. 2020. Media, Journalism and Disaster Communities. Media, Journalism and Disaster Communities 101 115 .
Abby Córdova. (2022) Living in Gang-Controlled Neighborhoods: Impacts on Electoral and Nonelectoral Participation in El Salvador. Latin American Research Review 54:1, pages 201-221.
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Hannes Warnecke-BergerHannes Warnecke-Berger. 2019. Politics and Violence in Central America and the Caribbean. Politics and Violence in Central America and the Caribbean 127 161 .
Anna Applebaum & Briana Mawby. (2018) Women and ‘New Wars’ in El Salvador. Stability: International Journal of Security and Development 7:1.
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JULIENNE WEEGELS. (2018) ‘The Terror and Scourge of the Barrio’: Representations of Youth Crime and Policing on Nicaraguan Television News. Journal of Latin American Studies 50:4, pages 861-887.
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Murat Yeşiltaş & Tuncay Kardaş. 2018. Non-State Armed Actors in the Middle East. Non-State Armed Actors in the Middle East 3 20 .
Abby CORDOVA. (2017) La incidencia de las pandillas en los barrios salvadoreños y su efecto en la legitimidad política. América Latina Hoy 77:0, pages 47.
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Robert Muggah. (2017) El auge de la seguridad ciudadana en América Latina y el Caribe. Revue internationale de politique de développement:9.
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Robert Muggah. (2017) The Rise of Citizen Security in Latin America and the Caribbean. Revue internationale de politique de développement:9, pages 291-322.
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Jeffrey T Checkel. (2017) Socialization and violence. Journal of Peace Research 54:5, pages 592-605.
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Autumn Knowlton. (2016) Q’eqchi’ Mayas and the Myth of “Postconflict” Guatemala. Latin American Perspectives 44:4, pages 139-151.
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Moritz Schuberth. (2016) Beyond Gang Truces and Mano Dura Policies: Towards Substitutive Security Governance in Latin America. Stability: International Journal of Security and Development 5:1.
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Benedetta Berti. (2016) What’s in a name? Re-conceptualizing non-state armed groups in the Middle East. Palgrave Communications 2:1.
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Kristian Hoelscher & Enzo Nussio. (2015) Understanding unlikely successes in urban violence reduction. Urban Studies 53:11, pages 2397-2416.
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Dennis Rodgers & Adam Baird. 2015. The Handbook of Gangs. The Handbook of Gangs 478 502 .
Lisseth Rojas-Flores, Sofia Herrera, Joseph M. Currier, Joshua D. Foster, Katharine M. Putman, Ashli Roland & David W. Foy. (2015) Exposure to Violence, Posttraumatic Stress, and Burnout Among Teachers in El Salvador: Testing a Mediational Model. International Perspectives in Psychology 4:2, pages 98-110.
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Moritz Schuberth. (2014) The Impact of Drug Trafficking on Informal Security Actors in Kenya. Africa Spectrum 49:3, pages 55-81.
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Ifeanyi Ezeonu. (2013) Violent Fraternities and Public Security Challenges in Nigerian Universities: a Study of the “University of the South”. Journal of African American Studies 18:3, pages 269-285.
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Elena Lucchi. (2012) Moving from the ‘why’ to the ‘how’: reflections on humanitarian response in urban settings. Disasters 36, pages S87-S104.
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R. Dudai & K. McEvoy. (2012) Thinking Critically about Armed Groups and Human Rights Praxis. Journal of Human Rights Practice 4:1, pages 1-29.
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Dennis Rodgers, Jo Beall & Ravi Kanbur. (2011) Latin American Urban Development into the Twenty-first Century: Towards a Renewed Perspective on the City. The European Journal of Development Research 23:4, pages 550-568.
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Fabio Armao. (2010) From Palermo to Ciudad Juárez: Organized Crime in Italy and Mexico in Comparative Perspective. SSRN Electronic Journal.
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