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Original Articles

The Minimal Group Paradigm: Theoretical Explanations and Empirical Findings

Pages 263-292 | Published online: 04 Mar 2011

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (18)

Tin L. Nguyen, Alexis L. d’Amato, Scarlett R. Miller & Samuel T. Hunter. (2023) Malevolent Creativity as Parochial Altruism? Examining the Intergroup Bases of New and Harmful Ideas. Creativity Research Journal 0:0, pages 1-16.
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Petia Genkova & Marie Grimmelsmann. (2022) Investigating interculturality in Germany by means of social identity, social distance, personality and xenophobia. Migration and Development 11:3, pages 314-333.
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Robert Madrigal, Colleen Bee & Johnny Chen. (2022) Hope and fear in the experience of suspense. Cognition and Emotion 36:6, pages 1074-1092.
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Christopher Bratt. (2022) Is it racism? The belief in cultural superiority across Europe. European Societies 24:2, pages 207-228.
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Martin Winands & Andreas Grau. (2018) Socio-educational work with football fans in Germany: principles, practice and conflicts. Soccer & Society 19:7, pages 1007-1023.
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Aaron S. Veenstra, Benjamin A. Lyons & İ. Alev Degim Flannagan. (2017) Intraparty Hostility: Social Identity, Subidentity, and the Hostile Media Effect in a Contested Primary. Journal of Political Marketing 16:3-4, pages 365-385.
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Monica Rubini, Michela Menegatti & Silvia Moscatelli. (2014) The strategic role of language abstraction in achieving symbolic and practical goals. European Review of Social Psychology 25:1, pages 263-313.
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Amarina Ariyanto, MatthewJ. Hornsey, ThomasA. Morton & Cindy Gallois. (2008) Media bias during extreme intergroup conflict: the naming bias in reports of religious violence in Indonesia. Asian Journal of Communication 18:1, pages 16-31.
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Daan Scheepers, Russell Spears, Bertjan Doosje & AntonyS. R. Manstead. (2006) The social functions of ingroup bias: Creating, confirming, or changing social reality. European Review of Social Psychology 17:1, pages 359-396.
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MatthewJ. Hornsey. (2003) Linking Superiority Bias in the Interpersonal and Intergroup Domains. The Journal of Social Psychology 143:4, pages 479-491.
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MichaelA. Hogg. (2000) Subjective Uncertainty Reduction through Self-categorization: A Motivational Theory of Social Identity Processes. European Review of Social Psychology 11:1, pages 223-255.
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Barbara-Ann Mullin & Michael A. Hogg. (1999) Motivations for Group Membership: The Role of Subjective Importance and Uncertainty Reduction. Basic and Applied Social Psychology 21:2, pages 91-102.
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Norbert Vanbeselaere. (1993) Ingroup Bias in the Minimal Group Situation: An Experimental Test of the Inequity Prevention Hypothesis. Basic and Applied Social Psychology 14:4, pages 385-400.
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Articles from other publishers (154)

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Michael J. Perez, Jared B. Kenworthy & Phia S. Salter. (2023) Multicultural personality and intergroup forgiveness between United States political parties. Journal of Applied Social Psychology 53:12, pages 1174-1190.
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Nicholas Heiserman & Brent Simpson. (2023) Discrimination reduces work effort of those who are disadvantaged and those who are advantaged by it. Nature Human Behaviour 7:11, pages 1890-1898.
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Kengo Miyazono & Rie Iizuka. (2023) A group identification account of collective epistemic vices. Synthese 202:1.
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Sara E. Burke, Sylvia P. Perry, John F. Dovidio & Marianne LaFrance. (2022) Distinctive negative reactions to intermediate social groups. Journal of Applied Social Psychology 53:7, pages 600-630.
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Leor Zmigrod, Ryan Burnell & Michael Hameleers. (2023) The Misinformation Receptivity Framework. European Psychologist 28:3, pages 173-188.
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Garriy Shteynberg, Jacob B. Hirsh, Wouter Wolf, John A. Bargh, Erica J. Boothby, Andrew M. Colman, Gerald Echterhoff & Maya Rossignac-Milon. (2023) Theory of collective mind. Trends in Cognitive Sciences.
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Hila Reem & Maor Zeev-Wolf. (2023) Ostracism and sharing in an intergroup context. PLOS ONE 18:6, pages e0287096.
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Scott Partington, Shaun Nichols & Tamar Kushnir. (2023) Rational learners and parochial norms. Cognition 233, pages 105366.
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B. Ford, R. Monk, D. Litchfield & A. Qureshi. (2023) Manipulating avatar age and gender in level-2 visual perspective taking. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review.
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Magdalena Celuch, Rita Latikka, Reetta Oksa & Atte Oksanen. (2023) Online Harassment and Hate Among Media Professionals: Reactions to One’s Own and Others’ Victimization. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, pages 107769902211489.
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Jonathan Stray, Ravi Iyer & Helena Puig Larrauri. (2023) The Algorithmic Management of Polarization and Violence on Social Media. SSRN Electronic Journal.
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Marcel Montrey & Thomas R. Shultz. (2021) Copy the In-group: Group Membership Trumps Perceived Reliability, Warmth, and Competence in a Social-Learning Task. Psychological Science 33:1, pages 165-174.
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Florence E. Enock, Steven P. Tipper & Harriet Over. (2021) Intergroup preference, not dehumanization, explains social biases in emotion attribution. Cognition 216, pages 104865.
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James Brooks & Shinya Yamamoto. (2021) The founder sociality hypothesis. Ecology and Evolution 11:21, pages 14392-14404.
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Petter Törnberg, Claes Andersson, Kristian Lindgren & Sven Banisch. (2021) Modeling the emergence of affective polarization in the social media society. PLOS ONE 16:10, pages e0258259.
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Brian A. O'Shea & Michiko Ueda. (2021) Who is more likely to ignore experts' advice related to COVID-19?. Preventive Medicine Reports 23, pages 101470.
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Sara Egger. (2021) Susceptibility to Ingroup Influence in Adolescents With Intellectual Disability: A Minimal Group Experiment on Social Judgment Making. Frontiers in Psychology 12.
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MARION A. WEISSENBERGER-EIBL & TIM HAMPEL. (2021) WHAT DO WE HAVE IN-COMMON? OVERCOMING THE NOT-INVENTED-HERE SYNDROME THROUGH RECATEGORISATION. International Journal of Innovation Management 25:06, pages 2150070.
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Soham Sankaran, Jacob Derechin & Nicholas A. Christakis. (2021) CurmElo: The theory and practice of a forced-choice approach to producing preference rankings. PLOS ONE 16:5, pages e0252145.
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Björn 't Hart, Marijn Struiksma, Anton van Boxtel & Jos J. A. van Berkum. (2021) Reading About Us and Them: Moral but no Minimal Group Effects on Language-Induced Emotion. Frontiers in Communication 6.
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Mackenzie D. M. Whipps & Yeshim Iqbal. (2020) Feeling Better, Doing Worse: “Mommy Wars” Infant Formula Advertising, Collective Action, and Breastfeeding Inequities. Journal of Human Lactation 37:2, pages 343-347.
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Robert Böhm, Hannes Rusch & Jonathan Baron. (2020) The psychology of intergroup conflict: A review of theories and measures. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 178, pages 947-962.
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Anna A Meier. (2020) The Idea of Terror: Institutional Reproduction in Government Responses to Political Violence. International Studies Quarterly 64:3, pages 499-509.
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Jeremy R. Winget & R. Scott Tindale. (2019) Stereotypic morality: The influence of group membership on moral foundations. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 23:5, pages 710-725.
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Lusine Grigoryan. (2020) Crossed categorization outside the lab: Findings from a factorial survey experiment. European Journal of Social Psychology 50:5, pages 983-1000.
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Abdullah Almaatouq, Peter Krafft, Yarrow Dunham, David G. Rand & Alex Pentland. (2019) Turkers of the World Unite: Multilevel In-Group Bias Among Crowdworkers on Amazon Mechanical Turk. Social Psychological and Personality Science 11:2, pages 151-159.
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Maykel Verkuyten, Kumar Yogeeswaran & Levi Adelman. (2019) Toleration and prejudice‐reduction: Two ways of improving intergroup relations. European Journal of Social Psychology 50:2, pages 239-255.
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Matthew J. Slater, Pete Coffee, Jamie B. Barker, S. Alexander Haslam & Niklas K. Steffens. (2019) Shared social identity content is the basis for leaders’ mobilization of followers. Psychology of Sport and Exercise 43, pages 271-278.
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Ryan Hauser & Norbert Schwarz. (2019) Score blending: How scale response grouping biases perceived standing. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making 32:2, pages 194-202.
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Ethan Dahl, Elizabeth M. Niedbala & Zachary P. Hohman. (2018) Loving the Group That Denies You First: Social Identity Effects of Ostracism Before Inclusion. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 45:2, pages 284-299.
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Fabian Pels, Jens Kleinert & Florian Mennigen. (2018) Group flow: A scoping review of definitions, theoretical approaches, measures and findings. PLOS ONE 13:12, pages e0210117.
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Joseph Seering, Felicia Ng, Zheng Yao & Geoff Kaufman. (2018) Applications of Social Identity Theory to Research and Design in Computer-Supported Cooperative Work. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 2:CSCW, pages 1-34.
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Elisabetta Crocetti, Francesca Prati & Monica Rubini. (2018) The Interplay of Personal and Social Identity. European Psychologist 23:4, pages 300-310.
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Yarrow Dunham. (2018) Mere Membership. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 22:9, pages 780-793.
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Norbert L. Kerr, Xiang Ao, Michael A. Hogg & Jinghui Zhang. (2018) Addressing replicability concerns via adversarial collaboration: Discovering hidden moderators of the minimal intergroup discrimination effect. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 78, pages 66-76.
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I-Ching Lee, Jenny C. Su, Peter H. Gries & Frank C. S. Liu. (2016) When objective group membership and subjective ethnic identification don’t align: How identification shapes intergroup bias through self-enhancement and perceived threat. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 21:4, pages 615-630.
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Vincenzo Iacoviello & Russell Spears. (2018) “I know you expect me to favor my ingroup”: Reviving Tajfel's original hypothesis on the generic norm explanation of ingroup favoritism. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 76, pages 88-99.
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Jennifer Jordan, Francis J. Flynn & Taya R. Cohen. (2015) Forgive them for I have sinned: The relationship between guilt and forgiveness of others' transgressions. European Journal of Social Psychology 45:4, pages 441-459.
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Meg Russell. (2012) Parliamentary party cohesion. Party Politics 20:5, pages 712-723.
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Mark Mortensen. (2014) Constructing the Team: The Antecedents and Effects of Membership Model Divergence. Organization Science 25:3, pages 909-931.
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Yla R. Tausczik, Laura A. Dabbish & Robert E. Kraut. (2014) Building loyalty to online communities through bond and identity-based attachment to sub-groups. Building loyalty to online communities through bond and identity-based attachment to sub-groups.
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Drew H. Bailey, Benjamin Winegard, Jon Oxford & David C. Geary. (2012) Sex Differences in In-Group Cooperation Vary Dynamically with Competitive Conditions and Outcomes. Evolutionary Psychology 10:1, pages 147470491201000.
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Gregory R. Maio. 2010. 1 43 .
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Matthew J. Hornsey. (2008) Social Identity Theory and Self-categorization Theory: A Historical Review. Social and Personality Psychology Compass 2:1, pages 204-222.
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Francisco J. Gil‐White. (2001) Are Ethnic Groups Biological “Species” to the Human Brain?. Current Anthropology 42:4, pages 515-553.
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John Darley. 2001. Blackwell Handbook of Social Psychology: Group Processes. Blackwell Handbook of Social Psychology: Group Processes 334 351 .
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