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Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A
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Volume 72, 2008 - Issue 1
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Original Articles

Surveillance Results of Depleted Uranium–Exposed Gulf War I Veterans: Sixteen Years of Follow-Up

M. A. McDiarmid Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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S. M. Engelhardt Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USACorrespondence[email protected]
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C. D. Dorsey Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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M. Oliver Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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P. Gucer Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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P. D. Wilson Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
,
R. Kane Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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A. Cernich Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
,
B. Kaup Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
,
L. Anderson Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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D. Hoover Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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L. Brown Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
,
R. Albertini Department of Pathology University of Vermont, Rockville, Maryland, USA
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R. Gudi Bioreliance, Rockville, Maryland, USA
&
K. S. Squibb Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
 show all
Pages 14-29 | Received 13 Jun 2008, Accepted 11 Aug 2008, Published online: 31 Oct 2008

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Melissa A McDiarmid, Marianne Cloeren, Joanna M Gaitens, Stella Hines, Elizabeth Streeten, Richard J. Breyer$suffix/text()$suffix/text(), Clayton H. Brown, Marian Condon, Tracy Roth, Marc Oliver, Lawrence Brown, Moira Dux, Michael R. Lewin-Smith, Frederick Strathmann, Maria A. Velez-Quinones & Patricia Gucer. (2018) Surveillance results and bone effects in the Gulf War depleted uranium-exposed cohort. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 81:20, pages 1083-1097.
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M. A. McDiarmid, S. M. Engelhardt, C. D. Dorsey, M. Oliver, P. Gucer, J. M. Gaitens, R. Kane, A. Cernich, B. Kaup, D. Hoover, A. A. Gaspari, M. Shvartsbeyn, L. Brown & K. S. Squibb. (2011) Longitudinal Health Surveillance in a Cohort of Gulf War Veterans 18 Years After First Exposure to Depleted Uranium. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 74:10, pages 678-691.
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Xabier Arzuaga, Susan H. Rieth, Ambika Bathija & Glinda S. Cooper. (2010) Renal Effects of Exposure to Natural and Depleted Uranium: A Review of the Epidemiologic and Experimental Data. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B 13:7-8, pages 527-545.
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Michael Aschner & George C-T. Jiang. (2009) Toxicity Studies on Depleted Uranium in Primary Rat Cortical Neurons and in Caenorhabditis Elegans: What Have We Learned?. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B 12:7, pages 525-539.
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Gursimrat Bhatti, Audri Villalon, Ruosha Li, Mohamed Elammari, Alexandra Price, Lea Steele, Jose M. Garcia, Marco Marcelli & Ricardo Jorge. (2023) Hormonal changes in veterans with Gulf War Illness. Life Sciences 328, pages 121908.
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Mirjana Babić Leko, Nikolina Pleić, Ivana Gunjača & Tatijana Zemunik. (2021) Environmental Factors That Affect Parathyroid Hormone and Calcitonin Levels. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23:1, pages 44.
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Randall R. Parrish & Robert W. Haley. (2021) Resolving whether inhalation of depleted uranium contributed to Gulf War Illness using high-sensitivity mass spectrometry. Scientific Reports 11:1.
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Yonghong Ran, Shuang Wang, Yazhen Zhao, Juan Li, Xinze Ran & Yuhui Hao. (2020) A review of biological effects and treatments of inhaled depleted uranium aerosol. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 222, pages 106357.
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Shuang Wang, Yonghong Ran, Binghui Lu, Juan Li, Hongrong Kuang, Li Gong & Yuhui Hao. (2019) A Review of Uranium-Induced Reproductive Toxicity. Biological Trace Element Research 196:1, pages 204-213.
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Melissa A. McDiarmid, Patricia Gucer, Jose A. Centeno, Todor Todorov & Katherine S. Squibb. (2018) Semen Uranium Concentrations in Depleted Uranium Exposed Gulf War Veterans: Correlations with Other Body Fluid Matrices. Biological Trace Element Research 190:1, pages 45-51.
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Richard J. Albertini, Janice A. Nicklas, Pamela M. Vacek, Elizabeth W. Carter & Melissa McDiarmid. (2019) Longitudinal study of t‐cell somatic mutations conferring glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐anchor deficiency in gulf war I veterans exposed to depleted uranium. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.
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Janice A. Nicklas, Pamela M. Vacek, Elizabeth W. Carter, Melissa McDiarmid & Richard J. Albertini. (2019) Molecular analysis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor (GPIa) deficient aerolysin resistant isolates in Gulf War I Veterans exposed to depleted uranium. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.
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Sayed Esmaeil Mousavi, Heresh Amini, Pouria Heydarpour, Fatemeh Amini Chermahini & Lode Godderis. (2019) Air pollution, environmental chemicals, and smoking may trigger vitamin D deficiency: Evidence and potential mechanisms. Environment International 122, pages 67-90.
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R W Leggett & R A Meck. (2018) Action levels for airborne uranium in the workplace: chemical and radiological assessments. Journal of Radiological Protection 38:2, pages 632-649.
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Joanna M. Gaitens, Marian Condon, Katherine S. Squibb, Jose A. Centeno & Melissa A. McDiarmid. (2017) Metal Exposure in Veterans With Embedded Fragments From War-Related Injuries. Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine 59:11, pages 1056-1062.
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Melissa A. McDiarmid, Joanna M. Gaitens, Stella Hines, Marian Condon, Tracy Roth, Marc Oliver, Patricia Gucer, Lawrence Brown, Jose A. Centeno, Moira Dux & Katherine S. Squibb. (2017) The U.S. Department of Veterans' Affairs depleted uranium exposed cohort at 25 Years: Longitudinal surveillance results. Environmental Research 152, pages 175-184.
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Felix Antunes Soares, Daiandra Almeida Fagundez & Daiana Silva Avila. 2017. Neurotoxicity of Metals. Neurotoxicity of Metals 355 383 .
Darcy K. Weidemann, Virginia M. Weaver & Jeffrey J. Fadrowski. (2015) Toxic environmental exposures and kidney health in children. Pediatric Nephrology 31:11, pages 2043-2054.
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Leonhard Stammler, Andreas Uhl, Benjamin Mayer & Frieder Keller. (2016) Renal Effects and Carcinogenicity of Occupational Exposure to Uranium: A Meta-Analysis. Nephron Extra 6:1, pages 1-11.
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Richard J. Albertini, Pamela M. Vacek, Elizabeth W. Carter, Janice A. Nicklas, Katherine S. Squibb, Patricia W. Gucer, Susan M. Engelhardt & Melissa A. McDiarmid. (2015) Mutagenicity monitoring following battlefield exposures: Longitudinal study of HPRT mutations in gulf war i veterans exposed to depleted uranium . Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 56:7, pages 581-593.
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Xabier Arzuaga, Martin Gehlhaus & Jamie Strong. (2015) Modes of action associated with uranium induced adverse effects in bone function and development. Toxicology Letters 236:2, pages 123-130.
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Melissa A. McDiarmid, Joanna M. Gaitens, Stella Hines, Marian Condon, Tracy Roth, Marc Oliver, Patricia Gucer, Lawrence Brown, Jose A. Centeno, Elizabeth Streeten & Katherine S. Squibb. (2015) Biologic monitoring and surveillance results for the department of veterans affairs' depleted uranium cohort: Lessons learned from sustained exposure over two decades. American Journal of Industrial Medicine 58:6, pages 583-594.
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. 2002. The MAK‐Collection for Occupational Health and Safety. The MAK‐Collection for Occupational Health and Safety 1 122 .
John G. Arnason, Christine N. Pellegri & Patrick J. Parsons. (2015) Determination of total uranium and uranium isotope ratios in human urine by ICP-MS:results of an interlaboratory study. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 30:1, pages 126-138.
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Larry S. Keith, Obaid M. Faroon & Bruce A. Fowler. 2015. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals 1307 1345 .
George C-T Jiang & Michael Aschner. 2015. Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents. Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents 447 460 .
Zeev Karpas. 2014. Analytical Chemistry of Uranium. Analytical Chemistry of Uranium 167 236 .
G. Xiao, R. L. Jones, D. Saunders & K. L. Caldwell. (2014) Determination of 234U/238U, 235U/238U and 236U/238U isotope ratios in urine using sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Radiation Protection Dosimetry 162:4, pages 618-624.
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E. Kollig, S. Hentsch, A. Willms, D. Bieler & A. Franke. (2014) Schussverletzungen: Müssen Projektile und Fragmente immer entfernt werden?Gunshot wounds: should projectiles and fragments always be removed?. Der Chirurg 85:7, pages 607-615.
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Sidney Katz. (2014) The Chemistry and Toxicology of Depleted Uranium. Toxics 2:1, pages 50-78.
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Rebecca Shelley, Nam-Soo Kim, Patrick J Parsons, Byung-Kook Lee, Jacqueline Agnew, Bernard G Jaar, Amy J Steuerwald, Genevieve Matanoski, Jeffrey Fadrowski, Brian S Schwartz, Andrew C Todd, David Simon & Virginia M Weaver. (2013) Uranium associations with kidney outcomes vary by urine concentration adjustment method. Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology 24:1, pages 58-64.
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Anthony G.W. Norden, Marta Lapsley & Robert J. Unwin. 2014. 85 122 .
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Marina V. Bakhmutsky, Katherine Squibb, Melissa McDiarmid, Marc Oliver & James D. Tucker. (2013) Long-term exposure to depleted uranium in Gulf-War veterans does not induce chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 757:2, pages 132-139.
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A. W. Rettenmeier. 2002. The MAK-Collection for Occupational Health and Safety. The MAK-Collection for Occupational Health and Safety 1 17 .
A. Rettenmeier & B. Michalke. 2002. The MAK‐Collection for Occupational Health and Safety. The MAK‐Collection for Occupational Health and Safety 1 15 .
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Katherine S. Squibb, Joanna M. Gaitens, Susan Engelhardt, Jose A. Centeno, Hanna Xu, Patrick Gray & Melissa A. McDiarmid. (2012) Surveillance for Long-Term Health Effects Associated With Depleted Uranium Exposure and Retained Embedded Fragments in US Veterans. Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine 54:6, pages 724-732.
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Keith A. Burling, Pedro R. Cutillas, David Church, Marta Lapsley & Anthony G.W. Norden. (2012) Analysis of molecular forms of urine Retinol-Binding Protein in Fanconi Syndrome and design of an accurate immunoassay. Clinica Chimica Acta 413:3-4, pages 483-489.
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Melissa A. McDiarmid, Richard J. Albertini, James D. Tucker, Pamela M. Vacek, Elizabeth W. Carter, Marina V. Bakhmutsky, Marc S. Oliver, Susan M. Engelhardt & Katherine S. Squibb. (2011) Measures of genotoxicity in Gulf war I veterans exposed to depleted uranium. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 52:7, pages 569-581.
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M.V. Bakhmutsky, M.S. Oliver, M.A. McDiarmid, K.S. Squibb & J.D. Tucker. (2011) Long term depleted uranium exposure in Gulf War I veterans does not cause elevated numbers of micronuclei in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 720:1-2, pages 53-57.
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John F. Kalinich. 2011. Cellular Effects of Heavy Metals. Cellular Effects of Heavy Metals 221 236 .
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Richard L. Ursone. (2010) Unique Complications of Foot and Ankle Injuries Secondary to Warfare. Foot and Ankle Clinics 15:1, pages 201-208.
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