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Original Article

Comparative glycemic control, safety and patient ratings for a new 4 mm × 32G insulin pen needle in adults with diabetes

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Pages 1531-1541 | Accepted 30 Mar 2010, Published online: 04 May 2010

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Read on this site (12)

Ewunetie Mekashaw Bayked, Mesfin Haile Kahissay & Birhanu Demeke Workneh. (2022) Barriers and facilitators to insulin treatment: a phenomenological inquiry. Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice 15:1.
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Fei Sun, Bin Gao, Aili Yang, Lijun Ren, Ying Xing, Kaiyan Ma, Li Tian, Simin Li, Chunni Heng, Hao Liu, Jie Zhou & Qiuhe Ji. (2022) Needle-free injection of basal insulin improves fasting glucose variability as assessed by continuous glucose monitoring in T2DM: a prospective randomized multicenter open-label crossover study. Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery 19:12, pages 1725-1734.
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Michael A. Gibney, David Fitz-Patrick, David C. Klonoff, Shahista Whooley, Betty Lu, Wen Yue & Stanislav Glezer. (2020) User experiences with second-generation 32-gauge × 4 mm vs. thinner comparator pen needles: prospective randomized trial. Current Medical Research and Opinion 36:10, pages 1591-1600.
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Giorgia De Berardis, Marco Scardapane, Giuseppe Lucisano, Santina Abbruzzese, Antonio Carlo Bossi, Elisa Cipponeri, Paola D’Angelo, Lucia Fontana, Roberta Lancione, Giuseppe Marelli, Luigi Sciangula & Antonio Nicolucci. (2018) Efficacy, safety and acceptability of the new pen needle 34G × 3.5 mm: a crossover randomized non-inferiority trial; AGO 02 study. Current Medical Research and Opinion 34:9, pages 1699-1704.
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Xiaohui Guo & Wei Wang. (2017) Challenges and recent advances in the subcutaneous delivery of insulin. Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery 14:6, pages 727-734.
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Jingyun Yuan, Yan Chen, Yanting Xuan, Lihong Cao, Jing Zhu, Fenrong Wang, Xiaona Zhou, Qing Ye, Liping Liao, Yun Zheng, Qun Zhou, Xiaohui Chen, Min Chen & Weibin Zhou. (2016) Can the upper inner side of the thigh become a new option for insulin injection?. Current Medical Research and Opinion 32:7, pages 1319-1324.
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M. Valentini, M. Scardapane, F. Bondanini, A. Bossi, A. Colatrella, A. Girelli, A. Ciucci, S. Leotta, E. Minotti, F. Pasotti, A. Pesenti, L. Rocca, L. Sciangula, E. Vavassori & A. Nicolucci. (2015) Efficacy, safety and acceptability of the new pen needle 33G × 4 mm. AGO 01 study. Current Medical Research and Opinion 31:3, pages 487-492.
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Jiajia Ji & Qingqing Lou. (2014) Insulin pen injection technique survey in patients with type 2 diabetes in mainland China in 2010. Current Medical Research and Opinion 30:6, pages 1087-1093.
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David Oyer, Marcus Niemeyer & Alan Moses. (2012) Empowering People with Diabetes: Improving Perceptions and Outcomes with Technical Advances in Insulin Pens. Postgraduate Medicine 124:5, pages 110-120.
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Laurence J. Hirsch, Michael A. Gibney, Lingzhi Li & Julie Bérubé. (2012) Glycemic control, reported pain and leakage with a 4 mm × 32 G pen needle in obese and non-obese adults with diabetes: a post hoc analysis. Current Medical Research and Opinion 28:8, pages 1305-1311.
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Birtha Hansen & Irina Matytsina. (2011) Insulin administration: selecting the appropriate needle and individualizing the injection technique. Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery 8:10, pages 1395-1406.
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Michael A. Gibney, Christina H. Arce, Karen J. Byron & Laurence J. Hirsch. (2010) Skin and subcutaneous adipose layer thickness in adults with diabetes at sites used for insulin injections: implications for needle length recommendations. Current Medical Research and Opinion 26:6, pages 1519-1530.
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Articles from other publishers (73)

Aya Torii-Goto, Kana Hirai, Yuri Inukai, Yoshimi Hoshina, Kazumi Shiomi, Junko Ito & Masae Yoshikawa. (2023) Investigation of appropriate needle length considering skin thickness with the real injection posture for insulin injections in diabetic patients. Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences 9:1.
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Lutz Heinemann, Trung Nguyen, Timothy S. Bailey, Ahmed Hassoun, Bernd Kulzer, Teresa Oliveria, Yves Reznik, Harold W. de Valk & Julia K. Mader. (2021) Needle Technology for Insulin Administration: A Century of Innovation. Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology 17:2, pages 449-457.
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Niels Bochanen, Katelijn Decochez, Els Heleu, Joke Cuypers, Chris Vercammen, Peter Coremans, Gerd Vanhaverbeke, Samyah Shadid, Bart Keymeulen, Nancy Bolsens & Christophe De Block. (2021) Lipohypertrophy Monitoring Study (LIMO): Effect of single use of 4 mm pen needles combined with education on injection site rotation on glycaemic control: Confirmation of an unpleasant truth. Diabetic Medicine 39:1.
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Sandro Gentile, Giuseppina Guarino, Teresa Della Corte, Giampiero Marino, Ersilia Satta, Maria Pasquarella, Carmine Romano, Carmelo Alfrone & Felice Strollo. (2021) Role of Structured Education in Reducing Lypodistrophy and its Metabolic Complications in Insulin-Treated People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Multicenter Case–Control Study. Diabetes Therapy 12:5, pages 1379-1398.
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Mei-Chuan Huang, Chich-Hsiu Hung, Ya-Wen Huang & Su-Ching Yang. (2019) Predictors of Self-Efficacy in Administering Insulin Injection. Clinical Nursing Research 30:2, pages 120-126.
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Anne Cartwright. (2020) Insulin safety: what is all the fuss about?. Practice Nursing 31:11, pages 467-471.
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Basel Bari, Marie-Andrée Corbeil, Hena Farooqui, Stuart Menzies, Brian Pflug, Brennan K. Smith, Arthur Vasquez & Lori Berard. (2020) Insulin Injection Practices in a Population of Canadians with Diabetes: An Observational Study. Diabetes Therapy 11:11, pages 2595-2609.
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Ivan I. Dedov, Marina V. Shestakova, Alexander Y. Mayorov, Minara S. Shamkhalova, Olga Yu. Sukhareva, Gagik R. Galstyan, Alla Y. Tokmakova, Tatiana V. Nikonova, Elena V. Surkova, Irina V. Kononenko, Daria N. Egorova, Lyudmila I. Ibragimova, Ekaterina A. Shestakova, Inna I. Klefortova, Igor A. Sklyanik, Ivona Ya. Yarek-Martynova, Anastasia S. Severina, Sergey A. Martynov, Olga K. Vikulova, Viktor Y. Kalashnikov, Irina Z. Bondarenko, Irina S. Gomova, Elena G. Starostina, Alexander S. Ametov, Mikhail B. Antsiferov, Tatiana P. Bardymova, Irina A. Bondar, Farida V. Valeeva, Tatiana Y. Demidova, Ashot M. Mkrtumyan, Nina A. Petunina, Lyudmila A. Ruyatkina, Lyudmila A. Suplotova, Olga V. Ushakova & Yurii Sh. Khalimov. (2020) Diabetes mellitus type 2 in adults. Diabetes mellitus 23:2S, pages 4-102.
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Ping Hu, Jie Wang, Jeffery Florian, Katherine Shatzer, Alan M. Stevens, Jacqueline Gertz, Ping Ji, Shiew Mei Huang, Issam Zineh & Yow-Ming C. Wang. (2020) Systematic Review of Device Parameters and Design of Studies Bridging Biologic-Device Combination Products Using Prefilled Syringes and Autoinjectors. The AAPS Journal 22:2.
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Haya Abu Ghazaleh & Ehsan Khan. 2020. Understanding Pharmacology in Nursing Practice. Understanding Pharmacology in Nursing Practice 255 281 .
Laurence J. Hirsch & Kenneth W. Strauss. (2019) The Injection Technique Factor: What You Don’t Know or Teach Can Make a Difference. Clinical Diabetes 37:3, pages 227-233.
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Anders Frid, Laurence Hirsch & Kenneth Strauss. 2019. Ultimate Guide to Insulin. Ultimate Guide to Insulin.
. (2019) 9. Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2019 . Diabetes Care 42:Supplement_1, pages S90-S102.
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Ronald J. Pettis, Douglas Muchmore & Lutz Heinemann. (2018) Subcutaneous Insulin Administration: Sufficient Progress or Ongoing Need?. Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology 13:1, pages 3-7.
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Julia Morera. 2019. Handbook of Diabetes Technology. Handbook of Diabetes Technology 3 21 .
Luis Eduardo Calliari, Laura Cudizio, Balduino Tschiedel, Hermelinda C. Pedrosa, Rosangela Rea, Augusto Pimazoni-Netto, Laurence Hirsch & Kenneth Strauss. (2018) Insulin Injection Technique Questionnaire: results of an international study comparing Brazil, Latin America and World data. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome 10:1.
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Zhenqiang Song, Xiaohui Guo, Linong Ji, Xiao Huang, Laurence J. Hirsch & Kenneth W. Strauss. (2018) Insulin Injection Technique in China Compared with the Rest of the World. Diabetes Therapy 9:6, pages 2357-2368.
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Sanjay Kalra, Laurence J. Hirsch, Anders Frid, Asma Deeb & Kenneth W. Strauss. (2018) Pediatric Insulin Injection Technique: A Multi-Country Survey and Clinical Practice Implications. Diabetes Therapy 9:6, pages 2291-2302.
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Paul V Beirne, Sarah Hennessy, Sharon L Cadogan, Frances Shiely, Tony Fitzgerald & Fiona MacLeod. (2018) Needle size for vaccination procedures in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2018:8.
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Naushira Pandya, Nancy Losben & Jane Moore. (2018) Optimizing insulin delivery for patients with diabetes. Geriatric Nursing 39:2, pages 138-142.
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Roberto Ravasio & Giorgio Grassi. (2018) The economic impact of the correct insulin injection technique associated with the use of 4 mm 32G needles in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes. Global & Regional Health Technology Assessment: Italian; Northern Europe and Spanish 2018, pages 228424031877320.
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Debbie Hicks. (2017) Empowering nurses to educate people with diabetes in correct insulin injection technique. Primary Health Care 27:10, pages 21-23.
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Deborah Hinnen. (2017) Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists for Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Spectrum 30:3, pages 202-210.
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Ramesh Sharma Poudel, Shakti Shrestha, Rano Mal Piryani, Bijaya Basyal, Kalpana Kaucha & Shital Adhikari. (2017) Assessment of Insulin Injection Practice among Diabetes Patients in a Tertiary Healthcare Centre in Nepal: A Preliminary Study. Journal of Diabetes Research 2017, pages 1-6.
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W. Wang, X. Guo, G. Shen, G. Bai, Z. Wei, J. Liu, L. Hirsch & K. Strauss. (2016) Skin and subcutaneous tissue thickness at insulin injection sites in Chinese diabetes patients: Clinical implications. Diabetes & Metabolism 42:5, pages 374-377.
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Anders H. Frid, Laurence J. Hirsch, Astrid R. Menchior, Didier R. Morel & Kenneth W. Strauss. (2016) Worldwide Injection Technique Questionnaire Study. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 91:9, pages 1212-1223.
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Satoru Yamada, Yoshifumi Yamada, Yoko Tsukamoto, Mitsuhisa Tabata & Junichiro Irie. (2015) A comparison study of patient ratings and safety of 32- and 34-gauge insulin pen needles. Diabetology International 7:3, pages 259-265.
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Katherine S. O’Neal, Jeremy Johnson & Sajidah Swar. (2015) Nontraditional Considerations With Insulin Needle Length Selection. Diabetes Spectrum 28:4, pages 264-267.
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Amparo de la Peña, Kwee P. Yeo, Helle Linnebjerg, Edward Catton, Shobha Reddy, Patricia Brown-Augsburger, Linda Morrow & Debra A. Ignaut. (2015) Subcutaneous Injection Depth Does Not Affect the Pharmacokinetics or Glucodynamics of Insulin Lispro in Normal Weight or Healthy Obese Subjects. Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology 9:4, pages 824-830.
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Richard M. Bergenstal, Ellie S. Strock, Diana Peremislov, Michael A. Gibney, Valentin Parvu & Laurence J. Hirsch. (2015) Safety and Efficacy of Insulin Therapy Delivered via a 4mm Pen Needle in Obese Patients With Diabetes. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 90:3, pages 329-338.
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Giorgio Grassi, Paola Scuntero, Rosalba Trepiccioni, Francesca Marubbi & Kenneth Strauss. (2014) Optimizing insulin injection technique and its effect on blood glucose control. Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology 1:4, pages 145-150.
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